Essential Oil from Berries of Lebanese Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb Displays Similar Antibacterial Activity to Chlorhexidine but Higher Cytocompatibility with Human Oral Primary Cells

Molecules

Barbara Azzimonti²  Andrea Cochis¹  Marc El Beyrouthy⁴  Marcello Iriti³  Francesca Uberti¹  Rita Sorrentino²  Manuela Miriam Landini²  Lia Rimondini¹  Elena Maria Varoni⁵ 

[1] Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), via Giusti 9, Florence 50121, Italy; E-Mails:;Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, Novara 28100, Italy; E-Mails:;Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via Celoria, Milan 20133, Italy;Department of Agricultural Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Kaslik B. P. 446, Jounieh, Lebanon; E-Mail:;Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Milan State University, via Beldiletto 1, Milan 20142, Italy

关键词: oral health;    dental caries;    periodontitis;    antibiotic resistance;    α-pinene;    Streptococcus mutans;    Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans;   

DOI  :  10.3390/molecules20059344

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Chlorhexidine (CHX), one of the most effective drugs administered for periodontal treatment, presents collateral effects including toxicity when used for prolonged periods; here, we have evaluated the bactericidal potency and the cytocompatibility of Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb essential oil (EO) in comparison with 0.05% CHX. The EO was extracted from berries by hydrodistillation and components identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Bacterial inhibition halo analysis, quantitative cell viability 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulphophenyl)-5-[(phenyl amino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide assay (XTT), and colony forming unit (CFU) count were evaluated against the two biofilm formers Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Streptococcus mutans. Finally, cytocompatibility was assessed with human primary gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and mucosal keratinocytes (HK). The resulting EO was mainly composed of monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes. An inhibition halo test demonstrated that both bacteria were sensitive to the EO; XTT analysis and CFU counts confirmed that 10-fold-diluted EO determined a statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in bacteria count and viability towards both biofilm and planktonic forms in a comparable manner to those obtained with CHX. Moreover, EO displayed higher cytocompatibility than CHX (p < 0.05). In conclusion, EO exhibited bactericidal activity similar to CHX, but a superior cytocompatibility, making it a promising antiseptic alternative to CHX.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.