A Bone Sample Containing a Bone Graft Substitute Analyzed by Correlating Density Information Obtained by X-ray Micro Tomography with Compositional Information Obtained by Raman Microscopy

Materials

Johann Charwat-Pessler¹  Maurizio Musso⁵  Alexander Petutschnigg¹  Karl Entacher¹  Bernhard Plank³  Erik Wernersson⁴  Stefan Tangl⁶  Peter Schuller-Götzburg² 

[1] Department of Forest Products Technology and Management, University of Applied Sciences Salzburg, Markt 136a, Kuchl A-5431, Austria; E-Mails:;Department of Prosthetics-, Biomechanic- and Biomaterial Research, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, Salzburg A-5020, Austria; E-Mail:;Department of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstraße23, Wels A-4600, Austria; E-Mail:;Centre for Image Analysis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 337, Uppsala 751 05, Sweden; E-Mail:;Department of Materials Science and Physics, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstraße 34, Salzburg A-5020, Austria; E-Mail:;Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, Vienna A-1090, Austria

关键词: X-ray micro computed tomography;    Raman spectroscopy;    bone;    Bio-Oss^®;    cluster analysis;    image segmentation;   

DOI  :  10.3390/ma8073831

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

The ability of bone graft substitutes to promote new bone formation has been increasingly used in the medical field to repair skeletal defects or to replace missing bone in a broad range of applications in dentistry and orthopedics. A common way to assess such materials is via micro computed tomography (µ-CT), through the density information content provided by the absorption of X-rays. Information on the chemical composition of a material can be obtained via Raman spectroscopy. By investigating a bone sample from miniature pigs containing the bone graft substitute Bio Oss^®, we pursued the target of assessing to what extent the density information gained by µ-CT imaging matches the chemical information content provided by Raman spectroscopic imaging. Raman images and Raman correlation maps of the investigated sample were used in order to generate a Raman based segmented image by means of an agglomerative, hierarchical cluster analysis. The resulting segments, showing chemically related areas, were subsequently compared with the µ-CT image by means of a one-way ANOVA. We found out that to a certain extent typical gray-level values (and the related histograms) in the µ-CT image can be reliably related to specific segments within the image resulting from the cluster analysis.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.