Modes of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Transmission, Replication and Persistence

Viruses

Alexandre Carpentier¹  Pierre-Yves Barez¹  Malik Hamaidia¹  Hélène Gazon²  Alix de Brogniez²  Srikanth Perike²  Nicolas Gillet²  Luc Willems¹ 

[1] Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA) and Molecular Biology (Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech), University of Liège (ULg), 4000 Liège, Belgium;

关键词: HTLV-1;    viral replication;    viral persistence;    Tax;    HBZ;   

DOI  :  10.3390/v7072793

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus that causes cancer (Adult T cell Leukemia, ATL) and a spectrum of inflammatory diseases (mainly HTLV-associated myelopathy—tropical spastic paraparesis, HAM/TSP). Since virions are particularly unstable, HTLV-1 transmission primarily occurs by transfer of a cell carrying an integrated provirus. After transcription, the viral genomic RNA undergoes reverse transcription and integration into the chromosomal DNA of a cell from the newly infected host. The virus then replicates by either one of two modes: (i) an infectious cycle by virus budding and infection of new targets and (ii) mitotic division of cells harboring an integrated provirus. HTLV-1 replication initiates a series of mechanisms in the host including antiviral immunity and checkpoint control of cell proliferation. HTLV-1 has elaborated strategies to counteract these defense mechanisms allowing continuous persistence in humans.

【 授权许可】

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© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.