The Diverse Forms of Lactose Intolerance and the Putative Linkage to Several Cancers

Nutrients

Mahdi Amiri¹  Lena Diekmann¹  Maren von Kཬkritz-Blickwede¹ 

[1] Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover D-30559, Germany; E-Mail:

关键词: lactase-phlorizin hydrolase;    alactasia;    adult type of hypolactasia;    lactose intolerance;    colorectal cancer;    ovarian cancer;    prostate cancer;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu7095332

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) is a membrane glycoprotein and the only β-galactosidase of the brush border membrane of the intestinal epithelium. Besides active transcription, expression of the active LPH requires different maturation steps of the polypeptide through the secretory pathway, including N- and O-glycosylation, dimerization and proteolytic cleavage steps. The inability to digest lactose due to insufficient lactase activity results in gastrointestinal symptoms known as lactose intolerance. In this review, we will concentrate on the structural and functional features of LPH protein and summarize the cellular and molecular mechanism required for its maturation and trafficking. Then, different types of lactose intolerance are discussed, and the molecular aspects of lactase persistence/non-persistence phenotypes are investigated. Finally, we will review the literature focusing on the lactase persistence/non-persistence populations as a comparative model in order to determine the protective or adverse effects of milk and dairy foods on the incidence of colorectal, ovarian and prostate cancers.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.