Severe Dermatophytosis and Acquired or Innate Immunodeficiency: A Review

Journal of Fungi

Claire Rouzaud³  Roderick Hay²  Olivier Chosidow⁴  Nicolas Dupin¹  Anne Puel⁵  Olivier Lortholary³  Fanny Lanternier³ 

[1] Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Cochin, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France;Dermatology Department, King’s College Hospital NHS Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK;Centre d’Infectiologie Necker-Pasteur, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades et Institut Imagine, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France;Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, APHP, Université Paris-Est Créteil, 94010 Créteil, France;Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine des Maladies Infectieuses, INSERM U1163, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades et Institut Imagine, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France;

关键词: dermatophytosis;    Trichophyton rubrum;    immunodepression;    organ transplant;    HIV;    CARD9 deficiency;   

DOI  :  10.3390/jof2010004

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Dermatophytes are keratinophilic fungi responsible for benign and common forms of infection worldwide. However, they can lead to rare and severe diseases in immunocompromised patients. Severe forms include extensive and/or invasive dermatophytosis, i.e., deep dermatophytosis and Majocchi’s granuloma. They are reported in immunocompromised hosts with primary (autosomal recessive CARD9 deficiency) or acquired (solid organ transplantation, autoimmune diseases requiring immunosuppressive treatments, HIV infection) immunodeficiencies. The clinical manifestations of the infection are not specific. Lymph node and organ involvement may also occur. Diagnosis requires both mycological and histological findings. There is no consensus on treatment. Systemic antifungal agents such as terbinafine and azoles (itraconazole or posaconazole) are effective. However, long-term outcome and treatment management depend on the site and extent of the infection and the nature of the underlying immunodeficiency.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.