Critical Evaluation of Urinary Markers for Bladder Cancer Detection and Monitoring

Reviews in Urology

Yair Lotan¹  Shahrokh F Shariat¹  Jose A Karam¹  Pierre I Karakiewizc¹ 

[1]*Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX

关键词: Bladder cancer;    Cystoscopy;    Urine cytology;    Tumor markers;   

DOI  :  

学科分类：基础医学

来源: MedReviews, LLC

【 摘 要 】

Bladder cancer is currently diagnosed using cystoscopy and cytology in patients with suspicious signs and symptoms. These tests are also used to monitor patients with a history of bladder cancer. The recurrence rate for bladder cancer is high, thus necessitating long-term follow-up. Urine cytology has high specificity but low sensitivity for low-grade bladder tumors. Recently, multiple noninvasive urine-based bladder cancer tests have been developed. Although several markers have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for bladder cancer surveillance, only a few are approved for detection of bladder cancer in high-risk patients.

【 授权许可】

Unknown