Alkali-Metal Ion Catalysis in Alkaline Ethanolysis of 2-Pyridyl Benzoate and Benzyl 2-Pyridyl Carbonate: Effect of Modification of Nonleaving Group from Benzoyl to Benzyloxycarbonyl

Bulletin of the Korean chemical society

Jae-In Lee¹  Chae Won Kim¹  Ji-Sun Kang¹  Ik-Hwan Um¹ 

关键词: Metal ion catalysis;    Ethanolysis;    Electrophilicity;    Nucleofugality;    Transition state;   

DOI  :  

学科分类：化学（综合）

来源: Korean Chemical Society

【 摘 要 】

A kinetic study is reported on nucleophilic displacement reactions of benzyl 2-pyridyl carbonate 6 with alkalimetal ethoxides, EtOM (M = Li, Na, and K), in anhydrous ethanol at 25.0 ± 0.1 oC. The plots of pseudo-firstorder rate constant kobsd vs. [EtOM] curve upward, a typical phenomenon reported previously for alkaline ethanolysis of esters in which alkali-metal ions behave as a Lewis-acid catalyst. The kobsd value for the reaction of 6 with a fixed EtOK concentration decreases rapidly upon addition of 18-crown-6-ether (18C6), a complexing agent for K+ ion up to [18C6]/[EtOK] = 1.0 and then remains constant thereafter, indicating that the catalytic effect exerted by K+ ion disappears in the presence of excess 18C6. The reactivity of EtOM towards 6 increases in the order EtO– < EtOLi < EtONa < EtOK, which is contrasting to the reactivity order reported for the corresponding reactions of 2-pyridyl benzoate 4, i.e., EtO– < EtOK < EtONa < EtOLi. Besides, 6 is 1.7 and 3.5 times more reactive than 4 towards dissociated EtO– and ion-paired EtOK, respectively. The reactivity difference and the contrasting metal-ion selectivity are discussed in terms of electronic effects and transition-state structures.

【 授权许可】

Unknown