Multimodality Imaging of Alzheimer Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Dementias

Journal of Nuclear Medicine

Ilya M. Nasrallah¹  David A. Wolk¹ 

[1] Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

关键词: Alzheimer disease;    amyloid PET;    FDG PET;    MRI;    neurodegeneration;   

DOI  :  10.2967/jnumed.114.141416

学科分类：医学（综合）

来源: Society of Nuclear Medicine

【 摘 要 】

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer disease, result in cognitive decline and dementia and are a leading cause of mortality in the growing elderly population. These progressive diseases typically have an insidious onset, with overlapping clinical features early in the disease course that make diagnosis challenging. The neurodegenerative diseases are associated with characteristic, although not completely understood, changes in the brain: abnormal protein deposition, synaptic dysfunction, neuronal injury, and neuronal death. Neuroimaging biomarkersprincipally regional atrophy on structural MR imaging, patterns of hypometabolism on 18F-FDG PET, and detection of cerebral amyloid plaque on amyloid PETare able to evaluate the patterns of these abnormalities in the brain to improve early diagnosis and help predict the disease course. These techniques have unique strengths and synergies in multimodality evaluation of the patient with cognitive decline or dementia. This review discusses the key imaging biomarkers from MR imaging, 18F-FDG PET, and amyloid PET; the imaging features of the most common neurodegenerative dementias; the role of various neuroimaging studies in differential diagnosis and prognosis; and some promising imaging techniques under development.

【 授权许可】

Unknown