Secreted virulence factors and immune evasion in visceral leishmaniasis

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

Neil E. Reiner, ⁵  Joachim Clos¹  Leonard J. Foster– and³  Devki Nandan²  W. Robert McMaster⁴  Judith Maxwell Silverman⁵  Ulrike Lambertz² 

[1] Leishmaniasis Research Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany –Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and The Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;Departments of Medicine (Division of Infectious Diseases and the Experimental Medicine Program), –Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and The Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;–Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and The Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;Medical Genetics, and –Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and The Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;Departments of Medicine (Division of Infectious Diseases and the Experimental Medicine Program),  Microbiology and Immunology, –Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and The Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;

关键词: macrophage;    phosphatase;    kinase;    protein secretion;    exosomes;    vaccine;   

DOI  :  10.1189/jlb.0611326

学科分类：生理学

来源: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

【 摘 要 】

Evasion or subversion of host immune responses is a well-established paradigm in infection with visceralizing leishmania. In this review, we summarize current findings supporting a model in which leishmania target host regulatory molecules and pathways, such as the PTP SHP-1 and the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade, to prevent effective macrophage activation. Furthermore, we describe how virulence factors, secreted by leishmania, interfere with macrophage intracellular signaling. Finally, we discuss mechanisms of secretion and provide evidence that leishmania use a remarkably adept, exosome-based secretion mechanism to export and deliver effector molecules to host cells. In addition to representing a novel mechanism for trafficking of virulence factors across membranes, recent findings indicate that leishmania exosomes may have potential as vaccine candidates.

【 授权许可】

Unknown