The paradox of the neutrophil's role in tissue injury

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

Marc W. Halterman and¹  George B. Segel²  Marshall A. Lichtman²  Marc W. Halterman²  George B. Segel ¹  *²  Marshall A. Lichtman ¹ 

[1] Departments of Pediatrics,  Medicine, Neurology, and Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA;Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Neurology, and Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA Departments of Pediatrics, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Neurology, and Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Neurology, and Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA Neurology, and Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Neurology, and Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Neurology, and Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA

关键词: adhesion molecules;    integrin;    inflammation;    cytokine;    reactive oxygen species;    tissue injury;   

DOI  :  10.1189/jlb.0910538

学科分类：生理学

来源: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

【 摘 要 】

The neutrophil is an essential component of the innate immune system, and its function is vital to human life. Its production increases in response to virtually all forms of inflammation, and subsequently, it can accumulate in blood and tissue to varying degrees. Although its participation in the inflammatory response is often salutary by nature of its normal interaction with vascular endothelium and its capability to enter tissues and respond to chemotactic gradients and to phagocytize and kill microrganisms, it can contribute to processes that impair vascular integrity and blood flow. The mechanisms that the neutrophil uses to kill microorganisms also have the potential to injure normal tissue under special circumstances. Its paradoxical role in the pathophysiology of disease is particularly, but not exclusively, notable in seven circumstances: 1) diabetic retinopathy, 2) sickle cell disease, 3) TRALI, 4) ARDS, 5) renal microvasculopathy, 6) stroke, and 7) acute coronary artery syndrome. The activated neutrophil's capability to become adhesive to endothelium, to generate highly ROS, and to secrete proteases gives it the potential to induce local vascular and tissue injury. In this review, we summarize the evidence for its role as a mediator of tissue injury in these seven conditions, making it or its products potential therapeutic targets.

【 授权许可】

Unknown