The paradox of the neutrophilˈs role in tissue injury

Journal of Leukocyte Biology: An Official Publication of the Reticuloendothelial Society

关键词: adhesion molecules;    integrin;    inflammation;    cytokine;    reactive oxygen species;    tissue injury;   

DOI  :  10.1189/jlb.0910538

学科分类：生理学

来源: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

【 摘 要 】

Theneutrophilisanessentialcomponentoftheinnateimmunesystem,anditsfunctionisvitaltohumanlife.Itsproductionincreasesinresponsetovirtuallyallformsofinflammation,andsubsequently,itcanaccumulateinbloodandtissuetovaryingdegrees.Althoughitsparticipationintheinflammatoryresponseisoftensalutarybynatureofitsnormalinteractionwithvascularendotheliumanditscapabilitytoentertissuesandrespondtochemotacticgradientsandtophagocytizeandkillmicrorganisms,itcancontributetoprocessesthatimpairvascularintegrityandbloodflow.Themechanismsthattheneutrophilusestokillmicroorganismsalsohavethepotentialtoinjurenormaltissueunderspecialcircumstances.Itsparadoxicalroleinthepathophysiologyofdiseaseisparticularly,butnotexclusively,notableinsevencircumstances:1)diabeticretinopathy,2)sicklecelldisease,3)TRALI,4)ARDS,5)renalmicrovasculopathy,6)stroke,and7)acutecoronaryarterysyndrome.Theactivatedneutrophilˈscapabilitytobecomeadhesivetoendothelium,togeneratehighlyROS,andtosecreteproteasesgivesitthepotentialtoinducelocalvascularandtissueinjury.Inthisreview,wesummarizetheevidenceforitsroleasamediatoroftissueinjuryinthesesevenconditions,makingitoritsproductspotentialtherapeutictargets...

【 授权许可】

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