圃場条件下における土壌硬度の違いが根粒超着生ダイズ品種作系4号の生育および収量に及ぼす影響

日本作物学会紀事

山本 亮²  中山 則和²  金 栄厚²  中村 卓司²  島村 聡²  野原 努³  島田 信二²  高橋 幹¹ 

[1] 国際農林水産業研究センター;作物研究所;筑波大学農林学系

关键词: Drought stress;    乾燥ストレス;    Growth;    生育;    Root mass;    根量;    Sakukei 4;    作系4号;    Soil hardness;    土壌硬度;    Soil water;    土壌水分;    Supernodulating soybean;    根粒超着生ダイズ;    Yield;    収量;   

DOI  :  10.1626/jcs.75.480

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Nihon Sakumotsu Gakkai / Crop Science Society of Japan

【 摘 要 】

The yield of supernodulating soybean cultivar 'Sakukei 4' is stably higher under non-tillage than under tillage conditions. This seems to be due to high sensitivity to soil drought stress of this cultivar, because development of the root system is restricted by supernodulation. To analyze the factor of the sensitivity to drought stress, we compacted the soil to mimic the non-tillage condition and examined the physiological and ecological characteristics of Sakukei 4 and its parental cultivar 'Enrei' in the field with different soil hardness. The development of the root system in Sakukei 4 was inferior to that in Enrei under both soil compacted and non-compacted conditions, which indicated that Sakukei 4 is likely more sensitive to soil drought stress. In Sakukei 4, however, the bleeding rate and stomatal conductance were higher under soil compaction than under non-compaction, indicating that drought stress was mitigated by soil compaction treatment. The shoot dry weight of Sakukei 4 was heavier in soil compaction than in non-compaction from the early growth stage to maturity. The yield of Sakukei 4 in soil compaction was 360-380 g m-2, which was 50 g m-2 higher than that in non-compaction in both years. A significant difference between the soil compaction treatment was observed at the 1% level. On the other hand, the compaction treatment had no effect on the growth and yield of Enrei. We conclude that Sakukei 4 has an inferior root system and is more sensitive to soil drought stress than Enrei; however, the water uptake by the root system was improved by soil compaction, which enhanced the volume water content of the soil and mitigated drought stress. Therefore, shoot growth and yield were improved by soil compaction in Sakukei 4.

【 授权许可】

Unknown