水稲品種タカナリの登熟期間の乾物生産と転流に及ぼす気温と日射量の影響

日本作物学会紀事

石川 哲也¹  藤本 寛²  椛木 信幸¹  丸山 幸夫¹  秋田 重誠³ 

[1] 農業技術研究機構;国際農林水産業研究センター;滋賀県立大学

关键词: Dry matter production;    乾物生産;    Temperature;    気温;    Rice;    水稲;    High yield ability;    多収性;    Translocation;    転流;    Solar radiation;    日射量;    Semidwarf indica cultivar;    半矮性インド型品種;   

DOI  :  10.1626/jcs.72.339

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Nihon Sakumotsu Gakkai / Crop Science Society of Japan

【 摘 要 】

Dry matter production and translocation during the ripening period of semidwarf indica rice cv. Takanari were examined in comparison with those of the standard japonica rice cv. Kochihibiki. Nine field experiments were conducted from 1992 to 1996 with high nitrogen application of 18 g m-2. Large differences in the range of both average temperature (27.6-20.0°C) and average solar radiation (18.8-11.7 MJ m-2 day-1) during the ripening period of Takanari were observed. Both the largest increase of dry weight of the above-ground part (987 g m-2) during the ripening period and the highest grain yield (990 g m-2) of Takanari were achieved at a mid-May transplanting plot in 1994. Significant differences between experimental plots of Takanari were not found when comparing the increase in dry weight of the above-ground part (ΔW), but were found when average crop growth rate (CGR) was calculated. The CGR of Takanari showed significant correlations with both average temperature and solar radiation. A positive partial coefficient of correlation between CGR and average temperature, calculated on the assumption of fixed solar radiation, was also found in Takanari. Significant differences between experimental plots of both cultivars were not found in the amount of translocation (T), which was estimated from the decrease in straw dry weight. Although T of Takanari showed significant negative correlation with both average temperature and ΔW, it was suggested that the effect of temperature on translocation was indirect as the consequence of comparing partial coefficients of correlation. The large ΔW of Takanari, which was 5.37 times as much as T on the average, is supposed to be one of the reasons why the grain yield of Takanari did not show significant correlation with T, but did with ΔW. It is suggested that the ability of Takanari to produce larger dry matter under high temperature, as well as to accumulate a stable, large amount of nonstructural carbohydrate in straw, was useful as a model crop for the improvement of production potency.

【 授权许可】

Unknown