Aspergillus fumigatus from normal and condemned carcasses with airsacculitis in commercial poultry

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

Fraga, Cibele Floriano²  Ferreiro, Laerte²  Machado, Gustavo¹  Sales, Gabriela Miller²  Driemeier, David¹  Casagrande, Renata Assis¹  Corbellini, Luís Gustavo¹  Spanamberg, Andréia² 

[1] UFRGS, Porto Alegre;Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

关键词: Aspergillosis;    pulmonary aspergillosis;    Aspergillus fumigatus;    respiratory disease;    airsacculitis.;   

DOI  :  10.1590/S0100-736X2013000900004

来源: Colegio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal-CBPA

【 摘 要 】

Carcass inspection is important for the detection of certain diseases and for monitoring their prevalence in slaughterhouses. The objective of this study was to assess the occurrence of aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus fumigatus in commercial poultry, through mycological and histopathological diagnosis, and to verify the causal association between the aspergillosis diagnosis criteria and condemnation due to airsacculitis in broilers through a case-control study. The study was carried out with 380 samples. Lungs were collected from broilers that were condemned (95) or not condemned (285) due to airsacculitis directly from the slaughter line. Forty-six (12%) lung samples were positive for A. fumigatus in mycological culture. Among all samples, 177 (46.6%) presented histopathological alterations, with necrotic, fibrinous, heterophilic pneumonia; heterophilic pneumonia and lymphoid hyperplasia being the most frequent. Out of the 380 lungs analyzed, 65.2% (30) showed histopathological alterations and isolation of fungi. The statistical analysis (McNemar's chi-square test) indicated a significant association between the presence of histopathological lesions and the isolation of A. fumigatus. Mycological cultivation and histopathological diagnosis increase the probability of detecting pulmonary alterations in birds condemned by the Final Inspection System, which suggests that such diagnostic criteria can improve the assessment and condemnation of birds affected by airsacculitis. Index terms:Aspergillosis, pulmonary aspergillosis, Aspergillus fumigatus, respiratory disease, airsacculitis.RESUMO Nos abatedouros, a inspeção das carcaças é fundamental para a detecção e monitoramento da prevalência de certas doenças. Os objetivos do trabalho foram avaliar a ocorrência de aspergilose causada por Aspergillus fumigatus em aves comerciais através do diagnóstico micológico e histopatológico e verificar a possibilidade de associação causal entre os critérios de diagnóstico de aspergilose e condenação por aerossaculite em frangos de corte através de um estudo de caso-controle. O estudo foi realizado com 380 amostras. Foram coletados pulmões de frangos condenados (95) e não condenados (285) por aerossaculite, diretamente na linha de abate de um frigorífico. Quarenta e seis (12%) amostras de pulmão foram positivas na cultura micológica. Do total de amostras, 177 (46,6%) apresentaram alterações histopatológicas, sendo os mais frequentes pneumonia fibrinoheterofílica necrótica, pneumonia heterofílica e hiperplasia linfóide. Do total de 380 pulmões analisados, 65,2% (30) apresentaram alterações histopatológicas e isolamento fúngico. A relação entre a presença de lesões histopatológicas e isolamento de A. fumigatus testada por McNemar indicou que houve associação significativa entre a presença de alterações histopatológicas e o isolamento de A. fumigatus. O cultivo micológico e o exame histopatológico aumentam as chances de se detectar alterações pulmonares em aves condenadas pelo Sistema de Inspeção Final do que nas aves normais, sugerindo que tais critérios de diagnóstico são eficazes para aprimorar a avaliação e condenação de aves por aerossaculite. Termos de indexação:Aspergilose, aspergilose pulmonar, Aspergillus fumigatus, doença respiratória, aerossaculite.    INTRODUCTION Aspergillosis is one of the main causes of mortality in both immunocompetent and immunodepressed birds. The clinical manifestation of acute aspergillosis is usually observed in young birds, often with episodes of outbreaks in poultry farms, whereas chronic aspergillosis is more frequently observed in adult birds (Tell 2005, Charlton et al. 2008). Its clinical signs depend on the organs or systems involved. The pulmonary system is most frequently affected, with lesions observed in the air sacs and lungs of a wide variety of bird species, which leave the hosts potentially susceptible to infections by Aspergillus spp. (Charlton et al. 2008). Clinical cases of aspergillosis have already been diagnosed in chickens (Islan 2009, Ceolin et al. 2012), tur

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CC BY-NC