Urinary Iodine Levels and Thyroid Diseases in Children; Comparison between Nagasaki and Chernobyl

Endocrine Journal

HIROKAZU SAIWAI²  TAKASHI KANEMATSU³  TOSHINORI OHASHI⁴  NOBORU TAKAMURA²  SHUNICHI YAMASHITA¹  HIROYUKI NAMBA¹  KATSU ISHIGAKI¹  VLADIMIR PARSHIN² 

[1] Department of Nature Medicine, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University School of Medicine;Department of International Health and Radiation Research, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University School of Medicine;Department of Surgery II, Nagasaki University School of Medicine;Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.

关键词: Urinary iodine;    Simple microplate method;    Iodine prophylaxis;    Chernobyl accident;   

DOI  :  10.1507/endocrj.48.591

学科分类：内分泌与代谢学

来源: Japan Endocrine Society

【 摘 要 】

References(13)Cited-By(15)We evaluated the incidence of childhood thyroid diseases and urinary iodine levels in Nagasaki, Japan and in Gomel, Belarus, which was greatly radio-contaminated by the Chernobyl accident, in order to obtain the comparative data of thyroid diseases between iodine-rich (Japan) and -deficient (Belarus) areas. In Nagasaki, the median level of urinary iodine, measured by ammonium persulfate digestion in microplate method, was 362.9μg/L. In order to evaluate the geographical differences in Japan, other samples were collected in Hamamatsu and in South Kayabe, Hokkaido, where the median levels were 208.4μg/L and 1015.5μg/L, respectively. Furthermore, thyroid screening by ultrasound (US) in Nagasaki revealed only four cases that showed goiter (1.6%) and two cases (0.8%) that had cystic degeneration and single thyroid cyst. There was no evidence of thyroid nodule detected by US examination. In contrast, the median of urinary iodine level was 41.3μg/L in Gomel. The incidences of goiter (13.6%) and echogenic abnormality (1.74%) in Gomel were much higher than in Nagasaki, suggesting the critical involvement of iodine deficiency in increased childhood thyroid abnormality around Chernobyl. Radioactive iodine released just after the Chernobyl accident may have influenced predominantly children residing in iodine-deficient areas. Our results suggest that management of thyroid screening for schoolchildren at ordinary times may be beneficial for monitoring the adverse effects of radioactive iodine from the standpoint of future prospective study.

【 授权许可】

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