Radioactive release during nuclear accidents in Chernobyl and Fukushima

International Nuclear Science, Technology and Engineering Conference 2017

原子能学

Ain Sulaiman, Siti Nur^1 ; Mohamed, Faizal^1 ; Ab Rahim, Ahmad Nabil^2

Nuclear Science Programme, School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia (UKM), Malaysia^1

Reactor Technology Centre, Technical Support Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Malaysia^2

关键词: Chernobyl accident;    Computational codes;    Fukushima accidents;    Nuclear accidents;    Radioactive release;    Radionuclide release;    Reactor technology;    Research interests;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/298/1/012011/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1757-899X/298/1/012011

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Nuclear accidents that occurred in Chernobyl and Fukushima have initiated many research interests to understand the cause and mechanism of radioactive release within reactor compound and to the environment. Common types of radionuclide release are the fission products from the irradiated fuel rod itself. In case of nuclear accident, the focus of monitoring will be mostly on the release of noble gases, I-131 and Cs-137. As these are the only accidents have been rated within International Nuclear Events Scale (INES) Level 7, the radioactive release to the environment was one of the critical insights to be monitored. It was estimated that the release of radioactive material to the atmosphere due to Fukushima accident was approximately 10% of the Chernobyl accident. By referring to the previous reports using computational code systems to model the release rate, the release activity of I-131 and Cs-137 in Chernobyl was significantly higher compare to Fukushima. The simulation code also showed that Chernobyl had higher release rate of both radionuclides on the day of accident. Other factors affecting the radioactive release for Fukushima and Chernobyl accidents such as the current reactor technology and safety measures are also compared for discussion.