Greenhouse gas emission of diets in the Netherlands and associations with food, energy and macronutrient intakes

Public Health Nutrition

José MM Drijvers¹  Marinka CC Brosens¹  Ido B Toxopeus¹  Gerard FH Kramer¹  Elisabeth HM Temme¹  Marga C Ocké¹  Marcelo Tyszler¹ 

关键词: Food consumption;    Greenhouse gas emissions;    Sustainability;    Nutrients;   

DOI  :  10.1017/S1368980014002821

学科分类：卫生学

来源: Cambridge University Press

【 摘 要 】

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the greenhouse gas emission (GHGE) of diets in Dutch girls, boys, women and men and to explore associations with diet composition.DesignDescriptive analyses for the total population as well as stratified for gender, age and dietary environmental load.SettingThe Netherlands.SubjectsDutch children and adults aged 7–69 years (n 3818).ResultsThe GHGE of daily diets was on average 3·2 kg CO2-equivalents (CO2e) for girls, 3·6 kg CO2e for boys, 3·7 kg CO2e for women and 4·8 kg CO2e for men. Meat and cheese contributed about 40 % and drinks (including milk and alcoholic drinks) 20 % to daily GHGE. Considerable differences in environmental loads of diets existed within age and gender groups. Persons with higher-GHGE diets consumed more (in quantity of foods and especially drinks) than their counterparts of a similar sex and age with low-GHGE diets. Major differences between high- and low-GHGE diets were in meat, cheese and dairy consumption as well as in soft drinks (girls, boys and women) and alcoholic drinks (men). Of those, differences in meat consumption determined the differences in GHGE most. Diets with higher GHGE were associated with higher saturated fat intake and lower fibre intakeConclusionsGHGE of daily diets in the Netherlands is between 3 and 5 kg CO2e, with considerable differences between individuals. Meat, dairy and drinks contribute most to GHGE. The insights of the study may be used in developing (age- and gender-specific) food-based dietary guidelines that take into account both health and sustainability aspects.

【 授权许可】

Unknown