TREE SPECIES CLASSIFICATION BASED ON 3D SPECTRAL POINT CLOUDS AND ORTHOMOSAICS ACQUIRED BY SNAPSHOT HYPERSPECTRAL UAS SENSOR

International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences

Iseli, C.^1¹ 

[1] TerraLuma research group, Discipline of Geography and Spatial Sciences, School of Technology, Environment and Design, University of Tasmania, Australia^1

关键词: UAS;    UAV;    snapshot hyperspectral sensor;    SfM;    3D point cloud;    random forest classification;    ecology;   

DOI  :  10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-379-2019

学科分类：地球科学(综合)

来源: Copernicus Publications

【 摘 要 】

In recent years, there has been a growing number of small hyperspectral sensors suitable for deployment on unmanned aerial systems (UAS. The introduction of the hyperspectral snapshot sensor provides interesting opportunities for acquisition of three-dimensional (3D) hyperspectral point clouds based on the structure-from-motion (SfM) workflow. In this study, we describe the integration of a 25-band hyperspectral snapshot sensor (PhotonFocus camera with IMEC 600 – 875 nm 5x5 mosaic chip) on a multi-rotor UAS. The sensor was integrated with a dual frequency GNSS receiver for accurate time synchronisation and geolocation. We describe the sensor calibration workflow, including dark current and flat field characterisation. An SfM workflow was implemented to derive hyperspectral 3D point clouds and orthomosaics from overlapping frames. On-board GNSS coordinates for each hyperspectral frame assisted in the SfM process and allowed for accurate direct georeferencing (Eucalyptus pauciflora and E. tenuiramis species. High overlap hyperspectral imagery was captured and then processed using SfM algorithms to generate both a hyperspectral orthomosaic and a dense hyperspectral point cloud. Additionally, to ensure the optimum spectral quality of the data, the characteristics of the hyperspectral snapshot imaging sensor were analysed utilising measurements captured in a laboratory environment. To coincide with the generated hyperspectral point cloud data, both a file format and additional processing and visualisation software were developed to provide the necessary tools for a complete classification workflow. Results based on the classification of the E. pauciflora and E. tenuiramis species revealed that the hyperspectral point cloud produced an increased classification accuracy over conventional hyperspectral imagery based on random forest classification. This was represented by an increase in classification accuracy from 67.2% to 73.8%. It was found that even when applied separately, the geometric and spectral feature sets from the point cloud both provided increased classification accuracy over the hyperspectral imagery.

【 授权许可】

CC BY