2017 Frank Meyer Medal for Plant Genetic Resources Lecture: Stewards of Our Agricultural Future

Crop Science

Bretting, Peter K.^1¹ 

[1] USDA-ARS, Office of National Programs, USDA George Washington Carver Center, 5601 Sunnyside Ave., Beltsville, MD 20705-5139^1

关键词: AI;    artificial intelligence;    CGIAR;    Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research;    CWR;    crop wild relative(s);    GCDT;    Global Crop Diversity Trust;    GRIN;    Germplasm Resources Information Network;    IICA;    Instituto Interamericano de Cooperacíon para la Agricultura;    ITPGRFA;    International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture;    NLGRP;    National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation;    NPGS;    National Plant Germplasm System;    PGR;    plant genetic resources;    TSVW;    T o mato spotted wilt virus;   

DOI  :  10.2135/cropsci2018.05.0334

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Crop Science

【 摘 要 】

Humanity’s survival depends on crops—the green line standing between us and calamity. To meet ever expanding human needs, crops must become increasingly more productive, mainly through genetic gains that exploit diverse plant genetic resources (PGR), the raw materials for crop breeding. For millennia, PGR have been conserved by individuals, communities, and organizations. These stewards of our agricultural future have been nearly as diverse as the PGR that they have conserved. Their invaluable roles in underpinning the security of global agriculture have largely been underappreciated. Furthermore, the challenges and complexity of successful PGR stewardship have been inadequately recognized. This paper pays tribute to these stewards’ characteristic attributes and their contributions to PGR conservation and sustainable use. It describes the pervasive impacts of PGR on crop agriculture and explains how numerous factors have affected PGR stewardship capacities. Plant genetic resource stewardship involves many different components, which are typically conducted over extended timeframes. Sustained, adequate support for PGR maintenance, a key component, has been the exception rather than the rule. Past and present PGR stewardship successes and challenges furnish numerous lessons for meeting future demands. Such lessons include recognizing the importance to PGR stewardship of: dedicated and diverse PGR stewards, continual and persistent financial support for PGR genebanks and their staffs, protecting crop wild relatives, and safeguarding genebank collections from extreme weather and introduced pests and pathogens. In the future, PGR stewardship might be conducted more frequently and more adequately by multi-institutional networks enabled by advances in information technology and artificial intelligence.

【 授权许可】

CC BY