CGIAR Operations under the Plant Treaty Framework

Crop Science

Ellis, David^5¹  Noriega, Isabel López^1²  Gaur, Pooran M.^9³  Angarawai, Ijantiku Ignatius^4⁴  Bouman, Bas^7⁵  Costich, Denise^8⁶  Kommerell, Victor^8⁷  Campos, Hugo^5⁸  Hanson, Jean^6⁹  Guarino, Luigi^10^1,10  Abberton, Michael^2^1,11  Amri, Ahmed^3^1,12  Halewood, Michael^1^1,13  Anglin, Noelle^5^1,14  Blümmel, Michael^6^1,15 

[1] AfricaRice, 01 B.P. 2551, Bouaké 01, Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa^11;Bioversity International, Via dei Tre Denari 472/a 00054 Maccarese, Fiumicino, Italy^1;Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira CP 763537 Apartado Aéreo 6713, Cali, Colombia^12;Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP), Avenida La Molina 1895, La Molina 1558, Lima, Peru^5;Centro Internacional para la Mejora del Maiz y el Trigo (CIMMYT), Km. 45, Carretera México-Veracruz, El Batán, Texcoco CP 56237 Edo. de México, Mexico^8;Global Crop Diversity Trust (GCDT), Platz Der Vereinten Nationen 7, 53113 Bonn, Germany^10;ICARDA-Terbol, Beka’a Valley, Zahle, Lebanon^15;ICRISAT, Patancheru, 502324 Telangana, India^9;ICRISAT-Mali, BP 320 Bamako, Mali^14;ICRISAT-Niger, BP 12404 Niamey, Niger^13;International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA)–Rabat, Station Exp. INRA-Quich, Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui, Agdal Rabat–Institutes, 10111, Rabat, Morocco^3;International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)–Nigeria, Center for PMB 3491 Sabo Bakin Zuwo Road, Tarauni, Kano, Nigeria^4;International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Oyo Road, Ibadan 200001, Oyo State, Nigeria^2;International Livestock Research Centre (ILRI)-Ethiopia, PO Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia^6;International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines^7

关键词: DOI;    digital object identifier;    GHU;    germplasm health unit;    GLIS;    global information system;    IA Principles;    CGIAR Principles on the Management of Intellectual Assets;    INGER;    International Network for Genetic Evaluation of Rice;    ITPGRFA;    International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture;    KALRO;    Kenyan Agriculture and Livestock Research Organization;    LEA;    limited exclusivity agreement;    PGRFA;    plant genetic resources for food and agriculture;    PVP;    Plant Variety Protection;    QMS;    quality management system;    RUA;    restricted use agreement;    SMTA;    Standard Material Transfer Agreement adopted under the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture;   

DOI  :  10.2135/cropsci2018.08.0526

学科分类：农业科学（综合）

来源: Crop Science

【 摘 要 】

The history of CGIAR and the development and implementation of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (“Plant Treaty”) are closely intertwined. In accordance with the agreements that 11 CGIAR centers signed with the Plant Treaty’s Governing Body under Article 15 of the treaty, >730,000 accessions of crop, tree, and forage germplasm conserved in CGIAR genebanks are made available under the terms and conditions of the multilateral system of access and benefit sharing, and the CGIAR centers have transferred almost 4 million samples of plant genetic resources under the system. Many activities of CGIAR centers and their genebanks (e.g., crop enhancement, improved agronomic methods, seed system strengthening, and capacity building) are influenced by, and promote, the Plant Treaty’s objectives. The continued existence and optimal functioning of the Plant Treaty’s multilateral system of access and benefit sharing is critically important to CGIAR in the pursuit of its mission. However, the multilateral system has encountered some challenges since the Plant Treaty came into force. The successful conclusion of the ongoing process for enhancing the functioning of the multilateral system could increase monetary benefit sharing and incentives for exchanging more germplasm. In the meantime, increased efforts are necessary to promote nonmonetary benefit sharing through partnerships, technology transfer, information exchange, and capacity building. These efforts should be integrated into countries’ and organizations’ work to implement the Plant Treaty’s provisions on conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources, and farmers’ rights.

【 授权许可】

CC BY