Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE): contra-indications, complications and safety of perioperative TOE

Echo Research and Practice

关键词: echocardiography;    transoesophageal echocardiography;    transoesophageal echocardiography contra-indications;    oesophagectomy;    TOE safety;   

DOI  :  10.1530/ERP-18-0047

学科分类：内科医学

来源: Bioscientifica Ltd.

【 摘 要 】

Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) has, in certain clinical situations, become an almost universal monitor and diagnostic tool. In the perioperative environment, TOE is frequently used to guide anaesthetic management and assist with surgical decision

【 授权许可】

CC BY