New dog and new tricks: evolving roles for IL‐33 in type 2 immunity

Journal of Leukocyte Biology: An Official Publication of the Reticuloendothelial Society

关键词: ST2;    innate‐;    immune cells;    immune response;    fibrosis;    T helper cells;   

DOI  :  10.1189/jlb.3RI1214-595R

学科分类：生理学

来源: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

【 摘 要 】

IL‐33isamorerecentlyidentifiedmemberoftheIL‐1cytokinefamily,expressedinthenucleusofepithelialcellsandreleasedintotheextracellularspacefollowingtissuedamage.TheimpactofIL‐33asaregulatoroftheadaptiveimmuneresponsehasbeenstudiedextensively,withanunderstoodroleforIL‐33intheeffectorfunctionsofCD4+Th2cells.IL‐33,however,isnowbeingshowntoinitiatetheTh2‐polarizingfunctionofDCs,andstimulatethesecretionofthetype2‐associatedcytokines,IL‐4,IL‐5,andIL‐13,fromtissue‐residentinnate‐immunecells,especiallyILCsandMCs.IL‐33alsoinitiatesandperpetuateslocalinflammatoryresponsesthroughtherecruitmentandactivationoftype2‐andinflammatory‐associatedeffectors,suchaseosinophils,basophils,andneutrophils.Assuch,IL‐33drivesandamplifiestype2‐dependentimmunity,aswellastype2‐dependenttissuedestructionandinflammation.ItisalsobecomingapparentthatIL‐33supportsthereparativecapacityofmacrophageandILCs,butthesefunctionsmayalsocontributetochronicfibroticdiseases.Herein,wereviewnewdevelopmentsintheunderstandingofIL‐33asitfunctionsinTh2cellsandtype2immunity.ThisincludesadiscussionofourevolvingunderstandingofhowIL‐33directlyandindirectlypromotestype2immuneresponsesthroughactiononinnatecellsinimmunityandthepathogenesisofatopicandfibroticdiseases...

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