Stem cell-derived exosomes: roles in stromal remodeling, tumor progression, and cancer immunotherapy

Cancer Communications

Farah Fatima¹  Muhammad Nawaz² 

[1] Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil;Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

关键词: Stem cells;    Exosomes;    MicroRNAs;    Fibroblasts;    Stroma;    Tumor microenvironment;    Angiogenesis;    Tissue repair;    Transplantation;    Immunotherapy;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s40880-015-0051-5

学科分类：肿瘤学

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Stem cells are known to maintain stemness at least in part through secreted factors that promote stem-like phenotypes in resident cells. Accumulating evidence has clarified that stem cells release nano-vesicles, known as exosomes, which may serve as mediators of cell-to-cell communication and may potentially transmit stem cell phenotypes to recipient cells, facilitating stem cell maintenance, differentiation, self-renewal, and repair. It has become apparent that stem cell-derived exosomes mediate interactions among stromal elements, promote genetic instability in recipient cells, and induce malignant transformation. This review will therefore discuss the potential of stem cell-derived exosomes in the context of stromal remodeling and their ability to generate cancer-initiating cells in a tumor niche by inducing morphologic and functional differentiation of fibroblasts into tumor-initiating fibroblasts. In addition, the immunosuppressive potential of stem cell-derived exosomes in cancer immunotherapy and their prospective applications in cell-free therapies in future translational medicine is discussed.

【 授权许可】

CC BY