Salinization/sodification of soil and physiological dynamics of sunflower irrigated with saline–sodic water amending by potassium and farm yard manure

Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination

Imtiaz, M.¹  Ali, A.²  Akhtar, N.³  Ashraf, M.⁴  Shahzad, S. Muhammad⁴ 

[1] College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China;Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab 40100, Pakistan;Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab 40100, Pakistan;Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab 40100, Pakistan

关键词: amendment;    brackish water;    physiological activities;    salinity;    sodicity;    sunflower;   

DOI  :  10.2166/wrd.2016.053

学科分类：工程和技术（综合）

来源: IWA Publishing

【 摘 要 】

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants were grown with saline–sodic water (SSW) by treating with potassium (K @ 100 and 200 mg K2O kg−1 soil) and farm yard manure (FYM @ 5 and 10% of soil, w/w). Irrigation with untreated SSW caused soil salinization/sodification, leading to an increase in electrical conductivity (EC) of 165% and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) 100% with the subsequent increase of 736% in shoot Na+, a decrease of 52% in shoot K+ and 94% in shoot K+:Na+ratio compared to canal water. SSW also decreased physiological activities: 31% relative water content (RWC), 34% membrane stability index (MSI), 51% protein, 33% chlorophyll and 58% photosynthetic rate compared to canal water. Integrated application of K and FYM, at higher level, decreased soil EC by 54% and SAR 43%, and shoot Na+ 57% with a corresponding improvement in soil organic matter 166%, shoot K+ 360%, shoot K+:Na+ratio 987%, RWC 34%, MSI 37%, protein 60%, photosynthetic rate 102%, superoxide dismutase 92%, peroxidase 78% and catalase 52% compared to SSW without K and/or FYM. In conclusion, exogenous application of K and FYM could be a promising approach to use brackish water in agriculture on a sustainable basis.

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC-ND