Granulocytes as modulators of dendritic cell function

Journal of Leukocyte Biology: An Official Publication of the Reticuloendothelial Society

Egmond, Marjolein¹  Groot Kormelink, Tom³  Jong, Esther C.⁴ 

[1] and;..Department of Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

关键词: neutrophil;    basophil;    eosinophil;    mast cell;    immune modulation;   

学科分类：生理学

来源: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

【 摘 要 】

Effector T cell development is directly driven by APCs, in particular, by antigen-primed dendritic cells (DCs). Depending on the pathogenic stimulus and the microenvironment, DCs induce proliferation and polarization of naive CD4⁺ T cells into different effector subsets, such as Th1, Th2, Th17, or regulatory T cells (T_regs). During inflammation, DCs are found in close proximity to other innate immune cells, including all granulocyte subtypes, which potentially influence the immunomodulatory capacities of DCs. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are rapidly recruited into infected tissues where their main function is to eliminate invading pathogens. Mast cells are tissue-resident granulocytes that also contribute to host defense against pathogens but have, thus far, primarily been associated with their detrimental roles in allergic diseases. Although granulocytes have always been considered essential in innate immunity, their ability to influence the development of adaptive immunity has long been overlooked. This view is now changing, as multiple studies showed significant modulating effects of granulocytes on key players of adaptive immunity, including DCs and lymphocytes. Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells regulate recruitment and activation of DCs through the release of mediators or via direct cell–cell contact, thereby influencing antigen-specific T cell responses. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on the impact of granulocytes on DC functioning and the subsequent putative consequences of this cross-talk on T cell proliferation and polarization. Together, this overview underscores the importance of granulocyte–DC communication to establish optimal immune responses.

【 授权许可】

CC BY