Biology of Acinetobacter baumannii: Pathogenesis, Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms, and Prospective Treatment Options

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

Cha, Chang-Jun¹  Park, Kwang Seung²  Kim, Young Bae³  Jeong, Byeong Chul⁴  Lee, Jung Hun⁵  Bae, Il Kwon⁵  Park, Moonhee⁵  Lee, Chang-Ro⁵  Lee, Sang Hee⁵ 

[1] Biotechnology Program, North Shore Community College, Danvers, MA, USA;DNA Analysis Division, Seoul Institute, National Forensic Service, Seoul, South Korea;Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health and Welfare, Silla University, Busan, South Korea;Department of Systems Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, South Korea;National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, South Korea

关键词: antimicrobial resistance;    Acinetobacter baumannii;    Treatment option;    Resistance mechanism;    virulence factor;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fcimb.2017.00055

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

Acinetobacter baumannii is undoubtedly one of the most successful pathogens responsible for hospital-acquired nosocomial infections in the modern healthcare system. Due to the prevalence of infections and outbreaks caused by multi-drug resistant A. baumannii, few antibiotics are effective for treating infections caused by this pathogen. To overcome this problem, knowledge of the pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance mechanisms of A. baumannii is important. In this review, we summarize current studies on the virulence factors that contribute to A. baumannii pathogenesis, including porins, capsular polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, phospholipases, outer membrane vesicles, metal acquisition systems, and protein secretion systems. Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance of this organism, including acquirement of -lactamases, up-regulation of multidrug efflux pumps, modification of aminoglycosides, permeability defects, and alteration of target sites, are also discussed. Lastly, novel prospective treatment options for infections caused by multi-drug resistant A. baumannii are summarized.

【 授权许可】

CC BY