Latency Entry of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Is Determined by the Interaction of Its Genome with the Nuclear Environment

PLoS Pathogens

Laurent Schaeffer¹  Antoine Rousseau²  Nolwenn Poccardi²  Armelle Corpet²  Pascale Texier³  Nathalie Streichenberger⁴  Patrick Lomonte⁴  Julie Takissian⁵  Marc Labetoulle⁵  Aleth Callé⁵  Mohamed Ali Maroui⁵  Camille Cohen⁵  Jérémy Welsch⁶ 

[1] Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5308, INSERM U 1111, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), team Immunobiologie des infections virales, Lyon, France;Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Département de Virologie, Gif-sur-Yvette, France;Univ Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre de Pathologie et Neuropathologie Est, Bron, France;Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U 1217, Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), team Nerve-Muscle Interactions, Lyon, France;Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U 1217, LabEx DEVweCAN, Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), team Chromatin Assembly, Nuclear Domains, Virus, Lyon, France;Université Paris Sud, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bicêtre, Service d'Ophthalmologie, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

关键词: Neurons;    Viral genome;    Mammalian genomics;    Viral persistence;    latency;    Viral replication;    Herpes simplex virus-1;    Viral genomics;    Genomic signal processing;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.1005834

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) establishes latency in trigeminal ganglia (TG) sensory neurons of infected individuals. The commitment of infected neurons toward the viral lytic or latent transcriptional program is likely to depend on both viral and cellular factors, and to differ among individual neurons. In this study, we used a mouse model of HSV-1 infection to investigate the relationship between viral genomes and the nuclear environment in terms of the establishment of latency. During acute infection, viral genomes show two major patterns: replication compartments or multiple spots distributed in the nucleoplasm (namely “multiple-acute”). Viral genomes in the “multiple-acute” pattern are systematically associated with the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein in structures designated viral DNA-containing PML nuclear bodies (vDCP-NBs). To investigate the viral and cellular features that favor the acquisition of the latency-associated viral genome patterns, we infected mouse primary TG neurons from wild type (wt) mice or knock-out mice for type 1 interferon (IFN) receptor with wt or a mutant HSV-1, which is unable to replicate due to the synthesis of a non-functional ICP4, the major virus transactivator. We found that the inability of the virus to initiate the lytic program combined to its inability to synthesize a functional ICP0, are the two viral features leading to the formation of vDCP-NBs. The formation of the “multiple-latency” pattern is favored by the type 1 IFN signaling pathway in the context of neurons infected by a virus able to replicate through the expression of a functional ICP4 but unable to express functional VP16 and ICP0. Analyses of TGs harvested from HSV-1 latently infected humans showed that viral genomes and PML occupy similar nuclear areas in infected neurons, eventually forming vDCP-NB-like structures. Overall our study designates PML protein and PML-NBs to be major cellular components involved in the control of HSV-1 latency, probably during the entire life of an individual.

【 授权许可】

CC BY