Warm Arctic—cold continents: climate impacts of the newly open Arctic Sea

Polar research

Muyin Wang¹  Kevin R. Wood¹  James E. Overland² 

[1] Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington , Seattle, WA, 98105, USA;Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 7600 Sand Point Way NESeattle, WA, 98115, USA Correspondence

关键词: Climate change;    sea ice;    atmospheric circulation;    North Atlantic Oscillation;   

DOI  :  10.3402/polar.v30i0.15787

学科分类：自然科学（综合）

来源: Co-Action Publishing

【 摘 要 】

Recent Arctic changes are likely due to coupled Arctic amplification mechanisms with increased linkage between Arctic climate and sub-Arctic weather. Historically, sea ice grew rapidly in autumn, a strong negative radiative feedback. But increased sea-ice mobility, loss of multi-year sea ice, enhanced heat storage in newly sea ice-free ocean areas, and modified wind fields form connected positive feedback processes. One-way shifts in the Arctic system are sensitive to the combination of episodic intrinsic atmospheric and ocean variability and persistent increasing greenhouse gases. Winter 2009/10 and December 2010 showed a unique connectivity between the Arctic and more southern weather patterns when the typical polar vortex was replaced by high geopotential heights over the central Arctic and low heights over mid-latitudes that resulted in record snow and low temperatures, a warm Arctic—cold continents pattern. The negative value of the winter (DJF 2009/10) North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index associat...

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC