Sustained Autophagy Contributes to Measles Virus Infectivity

PLoS Pathogens

Monique Flacher¹  Clémence Richetta¹  Joël Baguet²  Pauline Verlhac³  Chantal Rabourdin-Combe³  Isabel P. Grégoire⁴  Frédéric Tangy⁴  Olga Azocar⁵  Mathias Faure⁵ 

[1] CIRI, International Center for Infectiology Research, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France;CNRS, UMR5308, Lyon, France;Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France;Inserm, U1111, Lyon, France;Université Lyon 1, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Lyon, France

关键词: Autophagic cell death;    HeLa cells;    Vesicles;    Viral replication;    Measles virus;    Virions;    Respiratory infections;    Apoptosis;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.1003599

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

The interplay between autophagy and intracellular pathogens is intricate as autophagy is an essential cellular response to fight against infections, whereas numerous microbes have developed strategies to escape this process or even exploit it to their own benefit. The fine tuned timing and/or selective molecular pathways involved in the induction of autophagy upon infections could be the cornerstone allowing cells to either control intracellular pathogens, or be invaded by them. We report here that measles virus infection induces successive autophagy signallings in permissive cells, via distinct and uncoupled molecular pathways. Immediately upon infection, attenuated measles virus induces a first transient wave of autophagy, via a pathway involving its cellular receptor CD46 and the scaffold protein GOPC. Soon after infection, a new autophagy signalling is initiated which requires viral replication and the expression of the non-structural measles virus protein C. Strikingly, this second autophagy signalling can be sustained overtime within infected cells, independently of the expression of C, but via a third autophagy input resulting from cell-cell fusion and the formation of syncytia. Whereas this sustained autophagy signalling leads to the autophagy degradation of cellular contents, viral proteins escape from degradation. Furthermore, this autophagy flux is ultimately exploited by measles virus to limit the death of infected cells and to improve viral particle formation. Whereas CD150 dependent virulent strains of measles virus are unable to induce the early CD46/GOPC dependent autophagy wave, they induce and exploit the late and sustained autophagy. Overall, our work describes distinct molecular pathways for an induction of self-beneficial sustained autophagy by measles virus.

【 授权许可】

CC BY