Co-Circulation and Evolution of Polioviruses and Species C Enteroviruses in a District of Madagascar

PLoS Pathogens

Lalatiana Razafinimpiasa¹  Javier Martin²  Sophie Guillot³  Franck Riquet⁴  Bruno Blondel⁴  Francis Delpeyroux⁴  Jean Balanant⁴  Olen Kew⁵  Jane Iber⁵  Bakolalao Randriamanalina⁶  Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo⁷  Dominique Rousset⁸ 

[1] Direction Régionale de la Santé Atsimo Andrefana, Ministère de la Santé, du Planning Familial et de la Protection Sociale, Toliara, Madagascar;Division of Virology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom;Département Infection et Epidémiologie, PTMMH, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France;Département de Virologie, Biologie des Virus Entériques, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France;National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America;Programme Elargi de la Vaccination, Ministère de la Santé, du Planning Familial et de la Protection Sociale, Antananarivo, Madagascar;Unité de Virologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar;Unité de Virologie, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaoundé, Cameroun

关键词: DNA recombination;    Recombinant vaccines;    Phylogenetic analysis;    Poliomyelitis;    Sequence alignment;    Enteroviruses;    Child health;    Viral evolution;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.0030191

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

Between October 2001 and April 2002, five cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) associated with type 2 vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) were reported in the southern province of the Republic of Madagascar. To determine viral factors that favor the emergence of these pathogenic VDPVs, we analyzed in detail their genomic and phenotypic characteristics and compared them with co-circulating enteroviruses. These VDPVs appeared to belong to two independent recombinant lineages with sequences from the type 2 strain of the oral poliovaccine (OPV) in the 5′-half of the genome and sequences derived from unidentified species C enteroviruses (HEV-C) in the 3′-half. VDPV strains showed characteristics similar to those of wild neurovirulent viruses including neurovirulence in poliovirus-receptor transgenic mice. We looked for other VDPVs and for circulating enteroviruses in 316 stools collected from healthy children living in the small area where most of the AFP cases occurred. We found vaccine PVs, two VDPVs similar to those found in AFP cases, some echoviruses, and above all, many serotypes of coxsackie A viruses belonging to HEV-C, with substantial genetic diversity. Several coxsackie viruses A17 and A13 carried nucleotide sequences closely related to the 2C and the 3Dpol coding regions of the VDPVs, respectively. There was also evidence of multiple genetic recombination events among the HEV-C resulting in numerous recombinant genotypes. This indicates that co-circulation of HEV-C and OPV strains is associated with evolution by recombination, resulting in unexpectedly extensive viral diversity in small human populations in some tropical regions. This probably contributed to the emergence of recombinant VDPVs. These findings give further insight into viral ecosystems and the evolutionary processes that shape viral biodiversity.

【 授权许可】

CC BY