Overwintering of terrestrial Arctic arthropods: the fauna of Svalbard now and in the future

Polar research

Stephen J. Coulson¹  Torstein Solhøy²  María Luisa ávila-Jiménez²  Anna Sjöblom⁴ 

[1] Department of Biology, University of Bergen, PO Box 7800, NO-5200 Bergen, NorwayCorrespondence;Department of Arctic Biology, University Centre in Svalbard, PO Box 156, NO-9171 Longyearbyen, Norway;Department of Arctic Geophysics, University Centre in Svalbard, PO Box 156, NO-9171 Longyearbyen, Norway;Department of Biology, University of Bergen, PO Box 7800, NO-5200 Bergen, Norway

关键词: Arthropoda;    Collembola;    freeze avoidance;    freeze tolerance;    protective dehydration;    Svalbard;   

DOI  :  10.1111/j.1751-8369.2009.00141.x

学科分类：自然科学（综合）

来源: Co-Action Publishing

【 摘 要 】

There are over 500 species of arthropods recorded from Svalbard. These animals overwinter either within the soil or on the ground surface, and have to tolerate an environment where the ground is frozen for over 9 months each year. Three cold-tolerance strategies have been described from Svalbard invertebrates: freeze avoidance, freeze tolerance and desiccation. Once in a coldtolerant state the animals can be extremely cold tolerant in terms of both minimum exposure temperature and period of exposure. How the overwintering capabilities of these animals will be affected by climate changes during the next 100 years, as predicted by climate models, is not yet known. Four principle factors with an impact on overwintering of the terrestrial arthropod fauna are outlined here: (1) warmer winter temperatures, with an increased frequency of extreme events such as freeze–thaw cycles and surface icing; (2) changes in snow fall and snow lie; (3) pollutant load; and (4) dispersal of invertebrates to Svalbard. Finally, ...

【 授权许可】

CC BY-NC