Obstacles and opportunities for understanding macrophage polarization

Journal of Leukocyte Biology: An Official Publication of the Reticuloendothelial Society

关键词: Toll‐;    like receptors;    cytokine;    chemokine;    interferon;   

DOI  :  10.1189/jlb.0710409

学科分类：生理学

来源: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

【 摘 要 】

Macrophagesarenowroutinelycategorizedintophenotypicsubtypesbasedongeneexpressioninducedinresponsetocytokineandpathogen‐derivedstimulation.Inthebroadestdivision,macrophagesaredescribedasbeingCAMs(M1macrophages)orAAMs(M2macrophages)basedontheirexposuretoTLRandIFNsignalsorTh2cytokines,respectively.Despitetheprolificuseofthissimpleclassificationscheme,littleisknownabouttheprecisefunctionsofeffectormoleculesproducedbyAAMs,especiallyhowrepresentativetheCAMandAAMsubtypesareoftissuemacrophagesinhomeostasis,infection,ortissuerepairandhowplasticityingeneexpressionregulatesmacrophagefunctioninvivo.Furthermore,correlationsbetweenmouseandhumantissuemacrophagesandtheirrepresentativesubtypesarelackingandareamajorbarriertounderstandinghumanimmunity.Here,webrieflysummarizecurrentfeaturesofmacrophagepolarizationanddiscusstherolesofvariousmacrophagesubpopulationsandmacrophage‐associatedgenesinhealthanddisease...

【 授权许可】

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