Monanema joopi n. sp. (Nematoda, Onchocercidae) from Acomys (Acomys) spinosissimus Peters, 1852 (Muridae) in South Africa, with comments on the filarial genus

Parasite

and O. Bain²  H. Lutermann³  K. Medger³  K. Junker¹ 

[1] ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute,Private Bag X05,Onderstepoort,0110,South Africa;Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Parasitologie comparée, UMR 7205 CNRS,CP52,61 rue Buffon,75231 Paris Cedex 05,France;Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria,Private Bag X20,Hatfield,0028,South Africa

关键词: South Africa;    rodents;    Acomys;    dermal microfilaria;    parasitic nematodes;    Monanema;    Onchocercidae;    Monanema joopi n. sp.;   

Others  :  808685
DOI  :  doi:10.1051/parasite/2012194331

 received in 2012-05-05, accepted in 2012-06-16,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Monanema joopi n. sp. is described from blood drawn from the heart of the murid Acomys (Acomys) spinosissimus in South Africa. It is characterised by a non-bulbous cephalic extremity, shared with only one of its five congeners, and a cylindrical tail with caudal alae and a spicular ratio of 2.7 in the male. As is typical for the genus, microfilariae are skin-dwelling. They are 185 to 215 micrometres long and have no refractory granules beneath their sheath. A key to the species of Monanema is presented and an amended generic description, based on the six currently known species, is proposed. Species of Monanema are primarily lymphatic and the low intensity of infection with M. joopi n. sp. in blood from the heart, might suggest that not all adults settle in the heart cavities. One might also consider that other, more susceptible rodents serve as hosts for this parasite as well. To date, the geographic range of Monanema includes North America, Africa and Australia, each with representatives of a different lineage. Given the present hypotheses on the evolutionary origin and subsequent migrations of rodents, we expect the origin of Monanema to be in the Palearctic-Oriental region.

【 授权许可】

   
© PRINCEPS Editions, Paris, 2012

【 图 表 】

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Anderson R.C. & Bain O. Keys to genera of the order Spiru- rida. Part 3. Diplotriaenoidea, Aproctoidea and Filarioidea (1976), in: CIH keys to the nematode parasites of vertebrates, No. 3, Archival volume. Anderson R.C., Chabaud A.G. & Willmott S. (Eds), CAB International, Oxfordshire, UK, 2009, 59–116.
• [2]Anteson R.K. Biological studies of Monanema marmotae Webster (1967) a filarioid parasite of the woodchuck Marmotae monax canadensis. Unpublished PhD thesis. University of Connecticut, 1968,
• [3]Bain O. & Babayan S. The behaviour of filariae: morphological and anatomomical signatures of their life style within the arthropod and vertebrate hosts. Filaria Journal, 2003, 2, 1–13. [PubMed]
• [4]Bain O., Baker M. & Chabaud A.G. Nouvelles données sur la lignée Dipetalonema (Filarioidea, Nematoda). Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 1982, 57, 593–620.
• [5]Bain O., Bartlett C. & Petit G. 1986. Une filaire de muridés africains dans la paroi du colon, Monanema martini n. sp. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 61, 465–472.
• [6]Bain O. & Chabaud A.G. 1986. Atlas des larves infestantes de filaires. Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 37, 301–340.
• [7]Bain O. Petit G. & Gueye A. Transmission expérimentale de Monanema nilotica El Bihari et Coll., 1977, filaire à microfilaires dermiques parasite de muridés africains. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 1977, 1985, 60, 83–89.
• [8]Bianco A.E. & Muller R.L. A hard tick as vector of a new rodent filaria. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1977, 71, 383.
• [9]Bianco A.E., Muller R. & Nelson G.S. Biology of Monanema globulosa, a rodent filaria with skin-dwelling microfilariae. Journal of Helminthology, 1983, 57, 259–278.
• [10]Chabaud A.G. & Bain O. La lignée Dipetalonema. Nouvel essai de classification. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 1976, 51, 365–397.
• [11]Chabaud A.G. & Petter A.J. Remarques sur l’évolution des papilles cloacales chez les nématodes phasmidiens papasites de vertébrés. Parassitologia, 1961, 3, 51–70.
• [12]De Graaff G. The Rodents of Southern Africa. Butterworth Sigma Press, Pretoria, 1981.
• [13]El Bihari S., Hussein H.S. & Muller R. Monanema nilotica n. sp. (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) a cardiopulmonary parasite of the Nile rat in Sudan. Journal of Helminthology, 1977, 51, 317–321.
• [14]Ferri E., Bain O., Barbuto M., Martin C., Lo N., Uni S., Landmann F., Baccei S.G., Guerrero R., Souza-Lima S., Bandi C., Wanji S., Diagne M. & Casiraghi M. (2011) New insights into the evolution of Wolbachia infections in filarial nematodes inferred from a large range of screened species. PLoS One, 2011, 6, (6), e20843, doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0020843. [PubMed]
• [15]Godthelp H. The Australian rodent fauna, flotilla’s flotsam or just fleet footed?, in: Faunal and floral migrations and evolution in S.E. Asia-Australasia Metcalfe I., Smith J.M.B., Morwood M. & Davidson I. (Eds), Balkema, Lisse, 2001, 319–322.
• [16]Jansa S.A., Giarla T.C. & Lim B.K. The phylogenetic position of the rodent genus Typhlomys and the geographic origin of Muroidea. Journal of Mammalogy, 2009, 90, 1083–1094.
• [17]Ko R.C. The transmission of Ackertia marmotae Webster, 1967 (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) of groundhogs (Marmota monax) by Ixodes cookei. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 1972, 50, 437–450. [PubMed]
• [18]Muller R.L. & Nelson G.S. Ackertia gobulosa sp. n. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) from rodents in Kenya. Journal of Parasitology, 1975, 61, 606–609.
• [19]Otranto D., Brianti E., Dantas-Torresa F., Weigla S., Latrofaa M.S., Gaglio G., Cauquil L., Giannetto S. & Bain O. Morphological and molecular data on the dermal microfilariae of a species of Cercopithifilaria from a dog in Sicily. Veterinary Parasitology, 2011, 182, 221–229. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.043. [PubMed]
• [20]Petit G., Bain O., Carrat C. & De Marval F. Développement de la filaire Monanema martini dans l’épiderme des tiques Ixodidae. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 1988, 63, 54–63.
• [21]Spratt D.M. Monanema australe n. sp. (Nematoda: Onchoceridae) from the lungs and liver of native rodents in North Queensland. Transactions of the Royal Society of Southern Australia, 2008, 132, 1–6.
• [22]Sréter T. & Széll Z. Onchocercosis: a newly recognized disease in dogs. Veterinary Parasitology, 2008, 151, 113.
• [23]Steppan S.J., Akhverdyan M.R., Lyapunova E.A., Fraser D.G., Vorontsov N.N., Hoffmann R.S. & Braun M.J. Molecular phylogeny of the marmots (Rodentia: Sciuridae): tests of evolutionary and biogeographic hypotheses. Systematic Biology, 1999, 48, 715–734. [PubMed]
• [24]Vuong P.N. Wanji S. Sakka L. Klager S. & Bain O. The murid filaria Monanema martini: a model for onchocerciasis. Part I: Description of lesions. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 1991, 66, 109–120.
• [25]Wanji S., Cabaret J., Gantier J.C., Bonnand N. & Bain O. The fate of the filaria Monanema martini in two rodent hosts: recovery rate, migration, and localization. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 1990, 65, 80–88.
• [26]Wanji S., Gantier J.C., Petit G., Rapp J. & Bain O. Mona-nema martini in its murid hosts: microfiladermia related to infective larvae and adult filariae. Journal of Tropical Parasitology, 1994, 45, 107–111.
• [27]Webster W.A. Ackertia marmotae n. sp. (Filarioidea: Oncho- cercinae) from the groundhog (Marmota monax). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 1967, 45, 277–283.
• [28]Wilson D.E. & Reeder D.A. (Eds.) Mammal species of the World. A taxonomic and geographic reference, 3rd edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2, 2005.
• [29]Winkler A.J. The middle/upper miocene dispersal of major rodent groups between southern Asia and Africa, in: Rodent and lagomorph families of Asian origins and diversification. Tomida Y., Li C.K. Setoguchi T. (Eds), National Science Museum Monographs, No. 8, Tokyo, 1994, 173–184.