Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and associated risk factors in Huicholes in Mexico

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Oscar Alberto Güereca-García⁴  Federico Campillo-Ruiz¹  Oliver Liesenfeld³  Elizabeth Rábago-Sánchez⁵  Isabel Beristain-García⁴  Francisco Javier Imard Rodríguez-Acevedo¹  Luis Omar Berumen-Segovia⁵  Luis Francisco Sánchez-Anguiano²  Jesús Hernández-Tinoco²  Sandy Janet Pacheco-Vega⁵  Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel⁵ 

[1] Servicios de Salud de Durango, Cuauhtémoc 225 norte, 34000 Durango, Mexico;Institute for Scientific Research “Dr. Roberto Rivera-Damm”, Juárez University of Durango State, Avenida Universidad S/N, 34000 Durango, Mexico;Present address: Roche Molecular Diagnostics, Pleasanton, CA, USA;Facultad de Enfermería y Obstetricia, Juárez University of Durango State, Cuauhtémoc 223 norte, 34000 Durango,Mexico;Biomedical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition, Juárez University of Durango State, Avenida Universidad S/N, 34000 Durango, Dgo, Mexico

关键词: Cross-sectional study;    Huicholes;    Seroprevalence;    Toxoplasma gondii;   

Others  :  1183573
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-7-301

 received in 2014-03-21, accepted in 2014-06-26,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Very little is known about the seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in ethnic groups in Mexico. Huicholes are an indigenous ethnic group living in a remote mountainous region in Mexico. We sought to determine the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies in Huicholes; and to determine the association of Toxoplasma seropositivity with socio-demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics of Huicholes.

Methods

We performed a cross sectional survey in Huicholes from September 2013 to January 2014. A convenience sampling method was used. We investigated the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies in 214 Huicholes using enzyme-linked immunoassays. A standardized questionnaire was used to obtain the characteristics of the Huicholes. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the association of Toxoplasma exposure and Huicholes’ characteristics.

Results

Of the 214 Huicholes studied (mean age: 37.98 ± 15.80 years), 71 (33.2%) were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies and 47 (66.2%) of them were also positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. Seroprevalence of T. gondii infection did not vary with age, sex, or occupation. However, seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies was significantly higher in female than in male Huicholes. Multivariate analysis of socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics showed that T. gondii exposure was associated with consumption of turkey meat (OR = 2.28; 95% CI: 1.16-4.46; P = 0.01). In addition, seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was significantly higher in Huicholes suffering from dizziness and memory impairment than those without such clinical characteristics.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate serological evidence of T. gondii exposure among Huicholes which may be impacting their health. Results of this first study of T. gondii infection in Huicholes may be useful for the design of optimal preventive measures against infection with T. gondii.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Alvarado-Esquivel et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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