Dry season refugia for anopheline larvae and mapping of the seasonal distribution in mosquito larval habitats in Kandi, northeastern Benin

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Martin Akogbéto⁴  Razaki Ossè⁴  Ramziyath Agbanrin Youssouf⁴  Kefilath Badirou⁴  Roseline Attolou⁴  Arthur Sovi⁴  Roseric Azondékon³  Frédéric Oké-Agbo²  Euloge Ogouwalé¹  Virgile Gnanguenon⁴  Renaud Govoetchan⁴ 

[1] Département de Géographie, Université d’Abomey Calavi Calavi, Bénin;Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Bénin;University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA;Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey Calavi Calavi, Bénin

关键词: Breeding;    Refugia;    Drought;    Anopheline;    Habitats;    Larvae;   

Others  :  807676
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-3305-7-137

 received in 2013-12-28, accepted in 2014-03-14,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The dynamics of mosquito populations depends on availability of suitable surface water for oviposition. It is well known that suitable management of mosquito larval habitats in the sub-Saharan countries, particularly during droughts, could help to suppress vector densities and malaria transmission. We conducted a field survey to investigate the spatial and seasonal distribution of mosquito larval habitats and identify drought-refugia for anopheline larvae.

Methods

A GIS approach was used to identify, geo-reference and follow up longitudinally from May 2012 to May 2013, all mosquito breeding sites in two rural sites (Yondarou and Thui), one urban (Kossarou), and one peri-urban (Pèdè) site at Kandi, a municipality in northeastern Benin. In Kandi, droughts are excessive with no rain for nearly six months and a lot of sunshine. A comprehensive record of mosquito larval habitats was conducted periodically in all sites for the identification of drought-refugia of anopheline larval stages. With geospatialisation data, seasonal larval distribution maps were generated for each study site with the software ArcGIS version 10.2.

Results

Overall, 187 mosquito breeding sites were identified of which 29.95% were recorded during drought. In rural, peri-urban and urban sites, most of the drought-refugia of anopheline larvae were domestic in nature (61.54%). Moreover, in rural settings, anopheline larvae were also sampled in cisterns and wells (25% of larval habitats sampled during drought in Yondarou and 20% in Thui). The mapping showed a significant decrease in the spatial distribution of mosquito larval habitats in rural, peri-urban and urban sites during drought, except in Yondarou (rural) where the aridity did not seem to influence the distribution of larval habitats.

Conclusion

Our data showed that the main drought-refugia of anopheline larvae were of a domestic nature as well as wells and cisterns. A suitable management of mosquito larvae in sub-Saharan countries, particularly during droughts, should target such larval habitats for a meaningful impact on the dynamics of mosquito populations and malaria transmission.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Govoetchan et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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