Mesoniviruses are mosquito-specific viruses with extensive geographic distribution and host range

Virology Journal

Robert B Tesh⁴  Peter J Walker²  Kim R Blasdell²  Vsevolov Popov³  Elodie Ghedin⁵  Shannan L Rossi³  Thomas G Wood¹  Steven G Widen¹  Naomi L Forrester⁴  Cadhla Firth²  Hilda Guzman³  Nikos Vasilakis⁴ 

[1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1079, USA;CSIRO Animal, Food and Health Sciences, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia;Department of Pathology and Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA;Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0610, USA;Current Address: NYU-Biology, Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10032, USA

关键词: Next generation sequencing;    Phylogeny;    Insect-specific;    Mesonivirus;    Nidoviruses;   

Others  :  804151
DOI  :  10.1186/1743-422X-11-97

 received in 2014-02-03, accepted in 2014-05-05,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

The family Mesoniviridae (order Nidovirales) comprises of a group of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA ([+]ssRNA) viruses isolated from mosquitoes.

Findings

Thirteen novel insect-specific virus isolates were obtained from mosquitoes collected in Indonesia, Thailand and the USA. By electron microscopy, the virions appeared as spherical particles with a diameter of ~50 nm. Their 20,129 nt to 20,777 nt genomes consist of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA with a poly-A tail. Four isolates from Houston, Texas, and one isolate from Java, Indonesia, were identified as variants of the species Alphamesonivirus-1 which also includes Nam Dinh virus (NDiV) from Vietnam and Cavally virus (CavV) from Côte d’Ivoire. The eight other isolates were identified as variants of three new mesoniviruses, based on genome organization and pairwise evolutionary distances: Karang Sari virus (KSaV) from Java, Bontag Baru virus (BBaV) from Java and Kalimantan, and Kamphaeng Phet virus (KPhV) from Thailand. In comparison with NDiV, the three new mesoniviruses each contained a long insertion (180 – 588 nt) of unknown function in the 5’ region of ORF1a, which accounted for much of the difference in genome size. The insertions contained various short imperfect repeats and may have arisen by recombination or sequence duplication.

Conclusions

In summary, based on their genome organizations and phylogenetic relationships, thirteen new viruses were identified as members of the family Mesoniviridae, order Nidovirales. Species demarcation criteria employed previously for mesoniviruses would place five of these isolates in the same species as NDiV and CavV (Alphamesonivirus-1) and the other eight isolates would represent three new mesonivirus species (Alphamesonivirus-5, Alphamesonivirus-6 and Alphamesonivirus-7). The observed spatiotemporal distribution over widespread geographic regions and broad species host range in mosquitoes suggests that mesoniviruses may be common in mosquito populations worldwide.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Vasilakis et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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