Postprandial effect of dietary fat quantity and quality on arterial stiffness and wave reflection: a randomised controlled trial

Nutrition Journal

Azra Mahmud¹  Vivion Crowley⁴  Emma Burke³  Deirdre M Walsh³  Louise K Herlihy³  Fiona E Lithander² 

[1] Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James’s Hospital, James’s Street, Dublin 8, Ireland;ANU Medical School and The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia;Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James’s Hospital, James’s Street, Dublin 8, Ireland;Department of Biochemistry, St James’s Hospital, James’s Street, Dublin 8, Ireland

关键词: Augmentation index;    Pulse wave velocity;    Saturated fat;    Monounsaturated fat;    Dietary fat;    Postprandial;    Wave reflection;    Arterial stiffness;   

Others  :  806314
DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2891-12-93

 received in 2012-11-14, accepted in 2013-07-08,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Arterial stiffness is a component of vascular function and an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. There is a lack of conclusive evidence on the effect of a meal rich in monounsaturated fat (MUFA) compared with an isoenergetic meal rich in saturated fat (SFA) on postprandial vascular function and specifically on arterial stiffness.

Methods

Twenty healthy, non-smoking males (BMI 24 ± 2 kg/m²; age 37.7 ± 14.4 y) participated in this single-blind, randomised, cross-over dietary intervention study. Each subject was randomised to receive a high-fat test-meal (3 MJ; 56 ± 2 g fat) at breakfast on 2 separate occasions, one rich in oleic acid (MUFA-meal) and one rich in palmitic acid (SFA-meal), and the meals were isoenergetic. Blood pressure (BP), arterial stiffness (PWV) and arterial wave reflection (augmentation index, AIx) were measured using applanation tonometry at baseline and every 30 minutes up to 4 hours after the ingestion of the test-meals.

Results

All subjects completed both arms of the dietary intervention. There was no significant difference in BP parameters, PWV or AIx at baseline between the two treatments (P > 0.05). There was a significant increase in brachial and aortic BP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate and PVW (time, P < 0.05) over the four hours after consumption of the fat-rich test-meal although the increase in PWV was no longer significant when adjusted for the increase in MAP. There was no difference in PWV between the two treatments (treatment*time, P > 0.05). There was a significant reduction in AIx (time, P < 0.05) over the four hour postprandial period although this was no longer significant when adjusted for the increase in heart rate and MAP (time, P > 0.05). There was no difference in AIx between the two treatments (treatment*time, P > 0.05). However, the reduction in heart rate corrected augmentation index (AIx₇₅) was significant when corrected for the increase in MAP (time, P < 0.01) with no differential effect of the treatments (treatment*time, P > 0.05).

Conclusions

This study has demonstrated a BP dependent increase in PWV and a decrease in arterial wave reflection in the four hour period in response to a high-fat meal. There was no evidence however that replacement of some of the SFA with MUFA had a differential effect on these parameters. The study highlights the need for further research to understand the effects of the substitution of SFA with MUFA on non-serum, new and emerging risk factors for CVD such as arterial stiffness.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Lithander et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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