Molecular detection of Leishmania DNA and identification of blood meals in wild caught phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from southern Portugal

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Lenea Campino¹  Maria Odete Afonso³  Ferdinando Bernardino Freitas³  José Manuel Cristóvão³  Ricardo Parreira²  Carla Maia³ 

[1] Departamento de Ciências Biomédicas e Medicina, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal;Unidade de Microbiologia Médica, GHTM, IHMT-UNL, Lisbon, Portugal;Unidade de Parasitologia Médica, Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal

关键词: Southwestern Europe;    Portugal;    Sergentomyia minuta;    Phlebotomus perniciosus;    Phlebotomine sand flies;    Leishmania;    Blood-meal;   

Others  :  1146231
DOI  :  10.1186/s13071-015-0787-4

 received in 2015-01-15, accepted in 2015-03-06,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum which is transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) is endemic in the Mediterranean basin. The main objectives of this study were to (i) detect Leishmania DNA and (ii) identify blood meal sources in wild caught female sand flies in the zoonotic leishmaniasis region of Algarve, Portugal/Southwestern Europe.

Methods

Phlebotomine sand flies were collected using CDC miniature light traps and sticky papers. Sand flies were identified morphologically and tested for Leishmania sp. by PCR using ITS-1 as the target sequence. The source of blood meal of the engorged females was determined using the cyt-b sequence.

Results

Out of the 4,971 (2,584 males and 2,387 females) collected sand flies, Leishmania DNA was detected by PCR in three females (0.13%), specifically in two specimens identified on the basis of morphological features as Sergentomyia minuta and one as Phlebotomus perniciosus. Haematic preferences, as defined by the analysis of cyt-b DNA amplified from the blood-meals detected in the engorged female specimens, showed that P. perniciosus fed on a wide range of domestic animals while human and lizard DNA was detected in engorged S. minuta.

Conclusions

The anthropophilic behavior of S. minuta together with the detection of Leishmania DNA highlights the need to determine the role played by this species in the transmission of Leishmania parasites to humans. In addition, on-going surveillance on Leishmania vectors is crucial as the increased migration and travelling flow elevate the risk of introduction and spread of infections by Leishmania species which are non-endemic.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Maia et al.; licensee BioMed Central.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

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