Navβ4 regulates fast resurgent sodium currents and excitability in sensory neurons

Molecular Pain

Theodore R. Cummins¹  Jun-Ming Zhang²  Michael R. Vasko¹  Reesha R. Patel¹  Judith A. Strong²  Wenrui Xie²  Ruizhong Wang³  Zhi-Yong Tan¹  Cindy Barbosa¹ 

[1] Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, 320 West 25th Street, NB-414F, Indianapolis 46202-2266, IN, USA;Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA

关键词: Navβ2;    Beta subunits;    DRG neurons;    Sensory neurons;    Open-channel blocker;    Nav1.6;    Navβ4;    SCN2B;    SCN4B;    SCN8A;    Resurgent currents;    Sodium channels;   

Others  :  1228791
DOI  :  10.1186/s12990-015-0063-9

 received in 2015-07-10, accepted in 2015-09-10,  发布年份 2015

【 摘 要 】

Background

Increased electrical activity in peripheral sensory neurons including dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and trigeminal ganglia neurons is an important mechanism underlying pain. Voltage gated sodium channels (VGSC) contribute to the excitability of sensory neurons and are essential for the upstroke of action potentials. A unique type of VGSC current, resurgent current (INaR), generates an inward current at repolarizing voltages through an alternate mechanism of inactivation referred to as open-channel block. INaRs are proposed to enable high frequency firing and increased INaRs in sensory neurons are associated with pain pathologies. While Nav1.6 has been identified as the main carrier of fast INaR, our understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to INaR generation is limited. Specifically, the open-channel blocker in sensory neurons has not been identified. Previous studies suggest Navβ4 subunit mediates INaR in central nervous system neurons. The goal of this study was to determine whether Navβ4 regulates INaR in DRG sensory neurons.

Results

Our immunocytochemistry studies show that Navβ4 expression is highly correlated with Nav1.6 expression predominantly in medium-large diameter rat DRG neurons. Navβ4 knockdown decreased endogenous fast INaR in medium-large diameter neurons as measured with whole-cell voltage clamp. Using a reduced expression system in DRG neurons, we isolated recombinant human Nav1.6 sodium currents in rat DRG neurons and found that overexpression of Navβ4 enhanced Nav1.6 INaR generation. By contrast neither overexpression of Navβ2 nor overexpression of a Navβ4-mutant, predicted to be an inactive form of Navβ4, enhanced Nav1.6 INaR generation. DRG neurons transfected with wild-type Navβ4 exhibited increased excitability with increases in both spontaneous activity and evoked activity. Thus, Navβ4 overexpression enhanced INaR and excitability, whereas knockdown or expression of mutant Navβ4 decreased INaR generation.

Conclusion

INaRs are associated with inherited and acquired pain disorders. However, our ability to selectively target and study this current has been hindered due to limited understanding of how it is generated in sensory neurons. This study identified Navβ4 as an important regulator of INaR and excitability in sensory neurons. As such, Navβ4 is a potential target for the manipulation of pain sensations.

【 授权许可】

   
2015 Barbosa et al.

【 图 表 】

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