An observational study reveals that neonatal vitamin D is primarily determined by maternal contributions: implications of a new assay on the roles of vitamin D forms

Nutrition Journal

Declan P Naughton²  Basil C Tarlatzis³  Vikentia Harizopoulou³  Fotini Papadopoulou¹  Helen Bili³  Dimitrios G Goulis³  Andrea Petroczi²  Iltaf Shah²  Spyridon N Karras³ 

[1] Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Panagia General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece;School of Life Sciences, Kingston University London, London, UK;Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

关键词: 25(OH)D;    Assay;    Vitamin D epimer;    LC-MS/MS;    Pregnancy;   

Others  :  806608
DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2891-12-77

 received in 2012-11-29, accepted in 2013-03-20,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Vitamin D concentrations during pregnancy are measured to diagnose states of insufficiency or deficiency. The aim of this study is to apply accurate assays of vitamin D forms [single- hydroxylated [25(OH)D₂, 25(OH)D₃], double-hydroxylated [1α,25(OH)₂D₂, 1α,25(OH)₂D₃], epimers [3-epi-25(OH)D₂, 3-epi-25(OH)D₃] in mothers (serum) and neonates (umbilical cord) to i) explore maternal and neonatal vitamin D biodynamics and ii) to identify maternal predictors of neonatal vitamin D concentrations.

Methods

All vitamin D forms were quantified in 60 mother- neonate paired samples by a novel liquid chromatography -mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay. Maternal characteristics [age, ultraviolet B exposure, dietary vitamin D intake, calcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone] were recorded. Hierarchical linear regression was used to predict neonatal 25(OH)D concentrations.

Results

Mothers had similar concentrations of 25(OH)D₂ and 25(OH)D₃ forms compared to neonates (17.9 ± 13.2 vs. 15.9 ± 13.6 ng/mL, p = 0.289) with a ratio of 1:3. The epimer concentrations, which contribute approximately 25% to the total vitamin D levels, were similar in mothers and neonates (4.8 ± 7.8 vs. 4.5 ± 4.7 ng/mL, p = 0.556). No correlation was observed in mothers between the levels of the circulating form (25OHD₃) and its active form. Neonatal 25(OH)D₂ was best predicted by maternal characteristics, whereas 25(OH)D₃ was strongly associated to maternal vitamin D forms (R² = 0.253 vs. 0.076 and R² = 0.109 vs. 0.478, respectively). Maternal characteristics explained 12.2% of the neonatal 25(OH)D, maternal 25(OH)D concentrations explained 32.1%, while epimers contributed an additional 11.9%.

Conclusions

By applying a novel highly specific vitamin D assay, the present study is the first to quantify 3-epi-25(OH)D concentrations in mother - newborn pairs. This accurate assay highlights a considerable proportion of vitamin D exists as epimers and a lack of correlation between the circulating and active forms. These results highlight the need for accurate measurements to appraise vitamin D status. Maternal characteristics and circulating forms of vitamin D, along with their epimers explain 56% of neonate vitamin D concentrations. The roles of active and epimer forms in the maternal - neonatal vitamin D relationship warrant further investigation.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Karras et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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