Effects of dietary components on high-density lipoprotein measures in a cohort of 1,566 participants

Nutrition & Metabolism

Gail P Jarvik³  Clement E Furlong³  Jason F Eintracht¹  Leah E Jarvik²  Jane E Ranchalis²  Amber A Burt²  Daniel Seung Kim³ 

[1]Department of General Medicine, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA

[2]Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 357720, Seattle, WA 98195-7720, USA

[3]Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

关键词: Cardiovascular disease;    Food frequency questionnaire;    Magnesium;    Fatty acids;    Alcohol;    Folate;    HDL subfractions;    Apolipoprotein A1;    HDL-3;    HDL-2;    HDL-C;    HDL;   

Others  :  1131709
DOI  :  10.1186/1743-7075-11-44

 received in 2014-06-30, accepted in 2014-09-11,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Recent data suggest that an increased level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is not causally protective against heart disease, shifting focus to other sub-phenotypes of HDL. Prior work on the effects of dietary intakes has focused largely on HDL-C. The goal of this study was to identify the dietary intakes that affect HDL-related measures: HDL-C, HDL-2, HDL-3, and apoA1 using data from a carotid artery disease case–control cohort.

Methods

A subset of 1,566 participants with extensive lipid phenotype data completed the Harvard Standardized Food Frequency Questionnaire to determine their daily micronutrient intake over the past year. Stepwise linear regression was used to separately evaluate the effects of dietary covariates on adjusted levels of HDL-C, HDL-2, HDL-3, and apoA1.

Results

Dietary folate intake was positively associated with HDL-C (p = 0.007), HDL-2 (p = 0.0011), HDL-3 (p = 0.0022), and apoA1 (p = 0.001). Alcohol intake and myristic acid (14:0), a saturated fat, were each significantly associated with increased levels of all HDL-related measures studied. Dietary carbohydrate and iron intake were significantly associated with decreased levels of all HDL-related measures. Magnesium intake was positively associated with HDL-C, HDL-2, and HDL-3 levels, but not apoA1 levels, while vitamin C was only associated with apoA1 levels. Dietary fiber and protein intake were both associated with HDL-3 levels alone.

Conclusions

This study is the first to report that dietary folate intake is associated with HDL-C, HDL-2, HDL-3, and apoA1 levels in humans. We further identify numerous dietary intake associations with apoA1, HDL-2, and HDL-3 levels. Given the shifting focus away from HDL-C, these data will prove valuable for future epidemiologic investigation of the role of diet and multiple HDL phenotypes in heart disease.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Kim et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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