Associations between toenail arsenic concentration and dietary factors in a New Hampshire population

Nutrition Journal

Kathryn L Cottingham²  J Steven Morris⁴  Tracy Punshon²  Vicki Sayarath¹  M Scot Zens¹  Pamela J Bagley³  Diane Gilbert-Diamond¹  Margaret R Karagas¹  Joann F Gruber¹ 

[1] Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755, USA;Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA;Biomedical Libraries, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA;Research Reactor Center, University of Missouri and Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO 65211, USA

关键词: Folate;    One-carbon metabolism;    Fish;    Fatty acids;    Lipids;    Biomarkers;    Epidemiology;    Arsenic;   

Others  :  824248
DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2891-11-45

 received in 2011-09-02, accepted in 2012-06-29,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

Dietary factors such as folate, vitamin B12, protein, and methionine are important for the excretion of arsenic via one-carbon metabolism in undernourished populations exposed to high levels of arsenic via drinking water. However, the effects of dietary factors on toenail arsenic concentrations in well-nourished populations exposed to relatively low levels of water arsenic are unknown.

Methods

As part of a population-based case–control study of skin and bladder cancer from the USA, we evaluated relationships between consumption of dietary factors and arsenic concentrations in toenail clippings. Consumption of each dietary factor was determined from a validated food frequency questionnaire. We used general linear models to examine the associations between toenail arsenic and each dietary factor, taking into account potentially confounding effects.

Results

As expected, we found an inverse association between ln-transformed toenail arsenic and consumption of vitamin B12 (excluding supplements) and animal protein. Unexpectedly, there were also inverse associations with numerous dietary lipids (e.g., total fat, total animal fat, total vegetable fat, total monounsaturated fat, total polyunsaturated fat, and total saturated fat). Finally, increased toenail arsenic concentrations were associated with increased consumption of long chain n-3 fatty acids.

Conclusion

In a relatively well-nourished population exposed to relatively low levels of arsenic via water, consumption of certain dietary lipids may decrease toenail arsenic concentration, while long chain n-3 fatty acids may increase toenail arsenic concentration, possibly due to their association with arsenolipids in fish tissue.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Gruber et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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