Socioeconomic position and childhood sedentary time: evidence from the PEACH project

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Melvyn M Hillsdon¹  Ashley R Cooper²  Angie S Page²  Pippa Griew¹  Richard M Pulsford¹ 

[1] Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom;Centre for Exercise, Nutrition & Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

关键词: Private gardens;    Parental education;    Car ownership;    Area deprivation;    Household income;    Socioeconomic position;    Accelerometer;    Sedentary behaviour;   

Others  :  806467
DOI  :  10.1186/1479-5868-10-105

 received in 2013-02-15, accepted in 2013-08-28,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Associations between socioeconomic position (SEP) and sedentary behaviour in children are unclear. Existing studies have used aggregate measures of weekly sedentary time that could mask important differences in the relationship between SEP and sedentary time at different times of the day or between weekdays and weekend days. These studies have also employed a variety of measures of SEP which may be differentially associated with sedentary time. This paper examines associations of multiple indicators of SEP and accelerometer-measured, temporally specific, sedentary time in school children.

Methods

Between 2006 and 2007 sedentary time data (minutes spent below 100 accelerometer counts per minute) for weekdays before-school (7.00-8.59AM), during school-time (9.00AM-2.59PM) and after-school (3.00PM-11.00PM), and weekend days were recorded for 629 10–11 year old children using accelerometers. Ordinary least squares regression was used to examine associations with 5 indicators of SEP (area deprivation, annual household income, car ownership, parental education and access to a private garden). Covariates were; gender, BMI, minutes of daylight, accelerometer wear time and school travel method. Analyses were conducted in 2012.

Results

Following adjustments for covariates, having a parent educated to university degree level was associated with more minutes of school (5.87 [95% CI 1.72, 10.04]) and after-school (6.04 [95% CI 0.08, 12.16]) sedentary time. Quartiles of area deprivation (most to least deprived) were positively associated with after-school (Q2: 4.30 [95% CI −6.09, 14.70]; Q3: 10.77 [95% CI 0.47, 21.06]; Q4: 12.74 [95% CI 2.65, 22.84]; P_trend = 0.04) and weekend (Q2: 26.34 [95% CI 10.16, 42.53]; Q3: 33.28 [95% CI 16.92, 49.65]; Q4: 29.90 [95% CI 14.20, 45.60]; P_trend = 0.002) sedentary time. Having a garden was associated with less sedentary time after-school (−14.39 [95% CI −25.14, -3.64]) and at weekends (−27.44 [95% CI −43.11, -11.78]).

Conclusions

Associations between SEP and children’s sedentary-time varied by SEP indicator and time of day. This highlights the importance of measuring multiple indicators of SEP and examining context specific sedentary time in children in order to fully understand how SEP influences this behaviour. Further research should combine self-report and objective data to examine associations with specific sedentary behaviours in the contexts within which they occur, as well as total sedentary time.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Pulsford et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Pate RR, O’Neill JR, Lobelo F: The evolving definition of “sedentary”. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2008, 36(4):173-178.
• [2]Jago R, Baranowski T, Baranowski JC, Thompson D, Greaves KA: BMI from 3–6 y of age is predicted by TV viewing and physical activity, not diet. Int J Obes (Lond) 2005, 29(6):557-564.
• [3]Hancox RJ, Milne BJ, Poulton R: Association between child and adolescent television viewing and adult health: a longitudinal birth cohort study. Lancet 2004, 364(9430):257-262.
• [4]Landhuis CE, Poulton R, Welch D, Hancox RJ: Programming obesity and poor fitness: the long-term impact of childhood television. Obesity 2008, 16(6):1457-1459.
• [5]Ekelund U, Luan J, Sherar LB, Esliger DW, Griew P, Cooper A: Moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. JAMA 2012, 307(7):704-712.
• [6]Mitchell JA, Pate RR, Beets MW, Nader PR: Time spent in sedentary behavior and changes in childhood BMI: a longitudinal study from ages 9 to 15 years. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013, 37(1):54-60.
• [7]Kimm SY, Glynn NW, Obarzanek E, Kriska AM, Daniels SR, Barton BA, Liu K: Relation between the changes in physical activity and body-mass index during adolescence: a multicentre longitudinal study. Lancet 2005, 366(9482):301-307.
• [8]Ness AR, Leary SD, Mattocks C, Blair SN, Reilly JJ, Wells J, Ingle S, Tilling K, Smith GD, Riddoch C: Objectively measured physical activity and fat mass in a large cohort of children. PLoS Med 2007, 4(3):e97.
• [9]Troiano RP, Berrigan D, Dodd KW, Masse LC, Tilert T, McDowell M: Physical activity in the United States measured by accelerometer. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008, 40(1):181-188.
• [10]Steele RM, van Sluijs EM, Sharp SJ, Landsbaugh JR, Ekelund U, Griffin SJ: An investigation of patterns of children’s sedentary and vigorous physical activity throughout the week. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2010, 7:88. BioMed Central Full Text
• [11]Janz KF, Dawson JD, Mahoney LT: Tracking physical fitness and physical activity from childhood to adolescence: the muscatine study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000, 32(7):1250-1257.
• [12]Pate RR, Trost SG, Dowda M, Ott AE, Ward DS, Saunders R, Felton G: Tracking of physical activity, physical inactivity, and health-related physical fitness in rural youth. Pediatr Exerc Sci 1999, 11(4):364-376.
• [13]Drenowatz C, Eisenmann JC, Pfeiffer KA, Welk G, Heelan K, Gentile D, Walsh D: Influence of socio-economic status on habitual physical activity and sedentary behavior in 8-to 11-year old children. BMC Publ Health 2010, 10:214-224. BioMed Central Full Text
• [14]Brodersen NH, Steptoe A, Williamson S, Wardle J: Sociodemographic, developmental, environmental, and psychological correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior at age 11 to 12. Ann Behav Med 2005, 29(1):2-11.
• [15]Fairclough SJ, Boddy LM, Hackett AF, Stratton G: Associations between children’s socioeconomic status, weight status, and sex, with screen-based sedentary behaviours and sport participation. Int J Pediatr Obes 2009, 4(4):299-305.
• [16]Gordon-Larsen P, McMurray RG, Popkin BM: Determinants of adolescent physical activity and inactivity patterns. Pediatrics 2000, 105(6):e83.
• [17]Willoughby T: A short-term longitudinal study of Internet and computer game use by adolescent boys and girls: prevalence, frequency of use, and psychosocial predictors. Dev Psychol 2008, 44(1):195-204.
• [18]Tandon PS, Zhou C, Sallis JF, Cain KL, Frank LD, Saelens BE: Home environment relationships with children’s physical activity, sedentary time, and screen time by socioeconomic status. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2012, 9:88-99. BioMed Central Full Text
• [19]Page AS, Cooper AR, Griew P, Jago R: Children’s screen viewing is related to psychological difficulties irrespective of physical activity. Pediatrics 2010, 126(5):e1011-e1017.
• [20]Verloigne M, Lippevelde WV, Maes L, Yildirim M, Chinapaw M, Manios Y, Androutsos O, Kovacs E, Bringolf-Isler B, Brug J, et al.: Self-reported TV and computer time do not represent accelerometer-derived total sedentary time in 10 to 12-year-olds. Eur J Public Health 2013, 23(1):30-32.
• [21]Clark BK, Healy GN, Winkler EA, Gardiner PA, Sugiyama T, Dunstan DW, Matthews CE, Owen N: Relationship of television time with accelerometer-derived sedentary time: NHANES. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011, 43(5):822-828.
• [22]Mitchell JA, Pate RR, Dowda M, Mattocks C, Riddoch C, Ness AR, Blair SN: A prospective study of sedentary behavior in a large cohort of youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2012, 44(6):1081-1087.
• [23]van Sluijs EM, Page A, Ommundsen Y, Griffin SJ: Behavioural and social correlates of sedentary time in young people. Br J Sports Med 2010, 44(10):747-755.
• [24]Ball K, Cleland VJ, Timperio AF, Salmon J, Crawford DA: Socioeconomic position and children’s physical activity and sedentary behaviors: longitudinal findings from the CLAN study. J Phys Act Health 2009, 6(3):289-298.
• [25]Dolinsky DH, Brouwer RJ, Evenson KR, Siega-Riz AM, Ostbye T: Correlates of sedentary time and physical activity among preschool-aged children. Prev Chronic Dis 2011, 8(6):A131.
• [26]King AC, Parkinson KN, Adamson AJ, Murray L, Besson H, Reilly JJ, Basterfield L: Correlates of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour in English children. Eur J Public Health 2010, 21(4):424-431.
• [27]Galobardes B, Shaw M, Lawlor DA, Lynch JW, Davey Smith G: Indicators of socioeconomic position (part 1). J Epidemiol Community Health 2006, 60(1):7-12.
• [28]Pickett KE, Pearl M: Multilevel analyses of neighbourhood socioeconomic context and health outcomes: a critical review. J Epidemiol Community Health 2001, 55(2):111-122.
• [29]Yen IH, Syme SL: The social environment and health: a discussion of the epidemiologic literature. Annu Rev Public Health 1999, 20:287-308.
• [30]Rahkonen O, Lahelma E, Huuhka M: Past or present? childhood living conditions and current socioeconomic status as determinants of adult health. Soc Sci Med 1997, 44(3):327-336.
• [31]Smith GD, Hart C, Blane D, Hole D: Adverse socioeconomic conditions in childhood and cause specific adult mortality: prospective observational study. Br Med J 1998, 316(7145):1631-1635.
• [32]Adler NE, Boyce WT, Chesney MA, Folkman S, Syme SL: Socioeconomic inequalities in health - no easy solution. Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association 1993, 269(24):3140-3145.
• [33]Marmot M, Ryff CD, Bumpass LL, Shipley M, Marks NF: Social inequalities in health: next questions and converging evidence. Soc Sci Med 1997, 44(6):901-910.
• [34]Marmot MG, Smith GD, Stansfeld S, Patel C, North F, Head J, White I, Brunner E, Feeney A: Health inequalities among British civil servants: the Whitehall II study. Lancet 1991, 337(8754):1387-1393.
• [35]Braveman PA, Cubbin C, Egerter S, Chideya S, Marchi KS, Metzler M, Posner S: Socioeconomic status in health research: one size does not fit all. JAMA 2005, 294(22):2879-2888.
• [36]Bailey DP, Fairclough SJ, Savory LA, Denton SJ, Pang D, Deane CS, Kerr CJ: Accelerometry-assessed sedentary behaviour and physical activity levels during the segmented school day in 10-14-year-old children: the HAPPY study. Eur J Pediatr 2012, 171(12):1805-1813.
• [37]Cooper AR, Jago R, Southward EF, Page AS: Active travel and physical activity across the school transition: the PEACH project. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2012, 44(10):1890-1897.
• [38]Page AS, Cooper AR, Griew P, Davis L, Hillsdon M: Independent mobility in relation to weekday and weekend physical activity in children aged 10–11 years: the PEACH project. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2009, 6:2. BioMed Central Full Text
• [39]Pate RR, Almeida MJ, McIver KL, Pfeiffer KA, Dowda M: Validation and calibration of an accelerometer in preschool children. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006, 14(11):2000-2006.
• [40]Puyau MR, Adolph AL, Vohra FA, Butte NF: Validation and calibration of physical activity monitors in children. Obes Res 2002, 10(3):150-157.
• [41]Riddoch CJ, Leary SD, Ness AR, Blair SN, Deere K, Mattocks C, Griffiths A, Davey Smith G, Tilling K: Prospective associations between objective measures of physical activity and fat mass in 12–14 year old children: the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). BMJ 2009, 339:b4544.
• [42]Treuth MS, Schmitz K, Catellier DJ, McMurray RG, Murray DM, Almeida MJ, Going S, Norman JE, Pate R: Defining accelerometer thresholds for activity intensities in adolescent girls. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004, 36(7):1259-1266.
• [43]Niggebrugge A, Haynes R, Jones A, Lovett A, Harvey I: The index of multiple deprivation 2000 access domain: a useful indicator for public health? Soc Sci Med 2005, 60(12):2743-2753.
• [44]Sunrise and sunset for UK (Bristol)http://www.Timeanddate.com webcite (2009) [http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/astronomy.html?n=299 webcite]
• [45]Krieger N, Williams DR, Moss NE: Measuring social class in US public health research: concepts, methodologies, and guidelines. Annu Rev Public Health 1997, 18:341-378.
• [46]Jones AP, Coombes EG, Griffin SJ, van Sluijs EM: Environmental supportiveness for physical activity in English schoolchildren: a study using global positioning systems. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2009, 6:42. BioMed Central Full Text
• [47]Burdette HL, Whitaker RC: A national study of neighborhood safety, outdoor play, television viewing, and obesity in preschool children. Pediatrics 2005, 116(3):657-662.
• [48]Kuepper-Nybelen J, Lamerz A, Bruning N, Hebebrand J, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Brenner H: Major differences in prevalence of overweight according to nationality in preschool children living in Germany: determinants and public health implications. Arch Dis Child 2005, 90(4):359-363.
• [49]Rushovich BR, Voorhees CC, Davis CE, Neumark-Sztainer D, Pfeiffer KA, Elder JP, Going S, Marino VG: The relationship between unsupervised time after school and physical activity in adolescent girls. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2006, 3:20. BioMed Central Full Text
• [50]Cooper AR, Page AS, Wheeler BW, Hillsdon M, Griew P, Jago R: Patterns of GPS measured time outdoors after school and objective physical activity in English children: the PEACH project. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2010, 7:31. BioMed Central Full Text
• [51]Griew P, Page A, Thomas S, Hillsdon M, Cooper AR: The school effect on children’s school time physical activity: the PEACH project. Prev Med 2010, 51(3–4):282-286.
• [52]Kalff AC, Kroes M, Vles JS, Hendriksen JG, Feron FJ, Steyaert J, van Zeben TM, Jolles J, van Os J: Neighbourhood level and individual level SES effects on child problem behaviour: a multilevel analysis. J Epidemiol Community Health 2001, 55(4):246-250.
• [53]Butler AM, Kowalkowski M, Jones HA, Raphael JL: The relationship of reported neighborhood conditions with child mental health. Acad Pediatr 2012, 12(6):523-531.
• [54]Leventhal T, Brooks-Gunn J: A randomized study of neighborhood effects on low-income children’s educational outcomes. Dev Psychol 2004, 40(4):488-507.