Adaptation changes in dynamic postural control and contingent negative variation during backward disturbance by transient floor translation in the elderly

Journal of Physiological Anthropology

Chie Yaguchi¹  Naoe Kiyota³  Maki Maekawa²  Katsuo Fujiwara² 

[1] Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Human Science, Hokkaido Bunkyo University, 5-196-1, Kogane-chuo, Eniwa, 061-1449, Japan;Department of Human Movement and Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640 Japan;Department of Rehabilitation Science, Osaka Health Science University, 1-9-27 Temma, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530-0043, Japan

关键词: Anticipatory postural control;    Elderly subject;    Contingent negative variation;    Adaptation;    Floor translation;    Postural disturbance;   

Others  :  861951
DOI  :  10.1186/1880-6805-31-12

 received in 2012-04-19, accepted in 2012-04-19,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

We investigated adaptation changes in dynamic postural control and contingent negative variation (CNV) in 13 young and 12 elderly adults. Subjects repeatedly underwent backward postural disturbance by a forward floor translation (S2) 2 s after an auditory warning signal (S1). Initial and second sets were conducted, each set with 20 trials. Posterior peak position of the center of pressure in the anteroposterior direction (CoPy) after S2 was identified. Electroencephalograms from Cz were averaged for each set, and the CNV negative peak was identified.

Results

Compared with the first trial, the posterior peak position of CoPy changed significantly forward from the 12th trial in the young and from the 19th trial in the elderly during the initial set. The mean of the posterior peak position was more forward in second set than in the initial set for both groups and was significantly backward in the elderly compared to the young for both sets. These findings indicate that subjects in both groups adapted better to the postural disturbance in the second set than in the initial set, and the adaptation was later in the elderly. Late CNV in the young started to increase negatively from the middle of the S1-S2 period and peaked just before S2. Peak CNV amplitude was larger in the second set than in the initial set. In contrast, late CNV in the elderly exhibited no negative increase as in the young and peaked in the middle of the S1-S2 period, which was followed by gradual decreasing toward S2. No adaptive changes were found in late CNV for the elderly.

Conclusions

It is conceivable that reduced activation of the frontal lobe may be one of the factors contributing to the decrease in postural adaptability in the elderly. The elderly may use various brain regions for the adaptation of dynamic postural control compared with the young.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Fujiwara et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Masud T, Morris RO: Epidemiology of falls. Age Ageing 2001, 4:3-7.
• [2]Rizzo JA, Friedkin R, Williams CS, Nabors J, Acampora D, Tinetti ME: Health care utilization and costs in a Medicare population by fall status. Med Care 1998, 36:1174-1188.
• [3]Smeesters C, Hayes WC, McMahon TA: Disturbance type and gait speed affect fall direction and impact location. J Biomech 2001, 34:309-317.
• [4]Duckrow RB, Abu-Hasaballah K, Whipple R, Wolfson L: Stance perturbation-evoked potentials in old people with poor gait and balance. Clin Neurophysiol 1999, 110:2026-2032.
• [5]Mihara M, Miyai I, Hatakenaka M, Kubota K, Sakoda S: Role of the prefrontal cortex in human balance control. Neuroimage 2008, 43:329-336.
• [6]Horak FB, Nashner LM: Central programming of postural movements: adaptation to altered support-surface configurations. J Neurophysiol 1986, 55:1369-1381.
• [7]Horak FB, Moore SP: The effect of prior leaning on human postural responses. Gait Posture 1993, 1:203-210.
• [8]Hughes MA, Schenkman ML, Chandler JM, Studenski SA: Postural responses to platform perturbation: kinematics and electromyography. Clin Biomech 1995, 10:318-322.
• [9]Kiyota T, Fujiwara K, Toyama H, Kiyota N, Kunita K, Maeda K, Katayama M: Determination of disturbance parameters of forward floor translation for balance training to prevent falling. Health Behav Sci 2009, 8:9-16.
• [10]Walter WG, Cooper R, Aldridge VJ, Mccallum WC, Winter AL: Contingent negative variation: an electric sign of sensorimotor association and expectancy in the human brain. Nature 1964, 25:380-384.
• [11]Jacobs JV, Fujiwara K, Tomita H, Furune N, Kunita K, Horak FB: Changes in the activity of the cerebral cortex relate to postural response modification when warned of a perturbation. Clin Neurophysiol 2008, 119:1431-1442.
• [12]Fujiwara K, Kiyota N, Maeda K: Contingent negative variation and activation of postural preparation before postural perturbation by backward floor translation at different initial standing positions. Neurosci Lett 2011, 490:135-139.
• [13]Golob EJ, Ovasapyan V, Starr A: Event-related potentials accompanying motor preparation and stimulus expectancy in the young, young-old and oldest-old. Neurobiol Aging 2005, 26:531-542.
• [14]Rohrbaugh JW, Syndulko K, Lindsley DB: Brain wave components of the contingent negative variation in humans. Science 1976, 191:1055-1057.
• [15]Brunia CH, van Boxtel GJ: Wait and see. Int J Psychophysiol 2001, 43:59-75.
• [16]Macar F, Vidal F: Time processing reflected by EEG surface Laplacians. Exp Brain Res 2002, 145:403-406.
• [17]Yaguchi C, Fujiwara K: Effects of attentional dispersion on sensory-motor processing of anticipatory postural control during unilateral arm abduction. Clin Neurophysiolin press
• [18]Fujiwara K, Ikegami H, Okada M, Koyama Y: Contribution of age and muscle strength of limbs to steadiness and stability in standing posture. J Anthrop Soc Nippon 1982, 90:385-400. [In Japanese with English Abstract]
• [19]Murray MP, Seireg AA, Sepic SB: Normal postural stability and steadiness: quantitative assessment. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1975, 57:510-516.
• [20]Michalewski HJ, Thompson LW, Smith DB, Patterson JV, Bowman TE, Litzelman D, Brent G: Age differences in the contingent negative variation (CNV): reduced frontal activity in the elderly. J Gerontol 1980, 35:542-549.
• [21]Amabile G, Pozzessere G, Fattapposta F, Albani GF, Cicardi MC, Rizzo PA, Morocutti C, Burla F, Lazzari R: Electrophysiological (CNV) analysis of personality traits under stress. Neuropsychobiology 1984, 12:260-264.
• [22]Rizzo PA, Pierelli F, Pozzessere G, Fattapposta F, Sanarelli L, Morocutti C: Pain, anxiety, and contingent negative variation: a clinical and pharmacological study. Biol Psychiatry 1985, 20:1297-1302.
• [23]Stuss DT, Benson DF: Neuropsychological studies of the frontal lobes. Psychol Bull 1984, 95:3-28.
• [24]Wu T, Hallett M: The influence of normal human ageing on automatic movements. J Physiol 2005, 562:605-615.
• [25]Horak FB, Diener HC: Cerebellar control of postural scaling and central set in stance. J Neurophysiol 1994, 72:479-493.
• [26]Earhart GM, Fletcher WA, Horak FB, Block EW, Weber KD, Suchowersky O, Melvill Jones G: Does the cerebellum play a role in podokinetic adaptation? Exp Brain Res 2002, 146:538-542.
• [27]Massion J, Ioffe M, Schmitz C, Viallet F, Gantcheva R: Acquisition of anticipatory postural adjustments in a bimanual load-lifting task: normal and pathological aspects. Exp Brain Res 1999, 128:229-235.
• [28]Viallet F, Massion J, Massarino R, Khalil R: Coordination between posture and movement in a bimanual load lifting task: putative role of a medial frontal region including the supplementary motor area. Exp Brain Res 1992, 88:674-684.