Metals in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders

Fazli Rabbi Awan²  Abdul Rehman Khan¹ 

[1] Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13100, Pakistan;Diabetes and Cardio-Metabolic Disorder (D&C-MD) Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Jhang Road, Faisalabad, P.O. Box.577, Pakistan

关键词: Zinc;    Insulin;    Toxic metals;    Essential metals;    Diabetes;   

Others  :  806383
DOI  :  10.1186/2251-6581-13-16

 received in 2013-08-27, accepted in 2013-12-30,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Minerals are one of the components of food, though they are not synthesized in the body but they are essential for optimal health. Several essential metals are required for the proper functioning of many enzymes, transcriptional factors and proteins important in various biochemical pathways. For example Zn, Mg and Mn are cofactors of hundreds of enzymes, and Zn is involved in the synthesis and secretion of insulin from the pancreatic beta-cells. Similarly, Cr enhances the insulin receptor activity on target tissues, especially in muscle cells. Insulin is the key hormone required to maintain the blood glucose level in normal range. In case of insulin deficiency or resistance, blood glucose concentration exceeds the upper limit of the normal range of 126 mg/dl. Persistent increase of blood serum glucose level leads to overt chronic hyperglycemia, which is a major clinical symptom of diabetes mellitus. Poor glycemic control and diabetes alters the levels of essential trace elements such as Zn, Mg, Mn, Cr, Fe etc. by increasing urinary excretion and their concomitant decrease in the blood. Hence, the main purpose of this review is to discuss the important roles of essential trace elements in normal homeostasis and physiological functioning. Moreover, perturbation of essential trace elements is also discussed in perspective of type 2 diabetes pathobiology.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Khan and Awan; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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