Mental health problems and influencing factors in Japanese women 4 months after delivery

Journal of Physiological Anthropology

Kiyoshi Aoyagi²  Kazuyo Oishi¹  Emi Akahoshi²  Takayuki Nishimura²  Kazuhiko Arima²  Yasuyo Abe²  Naoko Yamamoto² 

[1] Department of Reproductive Health, Unit of Nursing, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8102, Japan;Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan

关键词: Regular eating;    Postpartum;    Mental health;    GHQ-12;    Financial difficulty;    Depression;   

Others  :  1133118
DOI  :  10.1186/1880-6805-33-32

 received in 2014-08-19, accepted in 2014-10-12,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Postpartum mental health problems are a major public health issue; however, studies on the mental health status of mothers and its influencing factors between 8 weeks and 1 year postpartum are scarce. Furthermore, it would be necessary to examine the factors influencing mothers’ mental health in order to evaluate their physiological adaptations to the nursing environment.

Methods

We examined the mental health status of postpartum women and the factors influencing poor mental health at 4 months after delivery. A cross-sectional study of 584 postpartum women was conducted. Information on mental health status, delivery, and other factors was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Women were asked about their age, height, weight, gestational or marital status, whether they were eating regular meals, appetite, frequency of going out, financial difficulty, stressful life events, and history of depression. The Japanese version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to identify potential poor mental health status. Participants with GHQ-12 scores of ≥4 were classified as the high GHQ-12 score group (poor mental health status) and participants with GHQ-12 scores of ≤3 were classified as the low GHQ-12 score group (good mental health status).

Results

Forty-five women (7.7%) were classified as having high GHQ-12 scores. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that older age, not eating meals regularly, and history of depression were significantly associated with poor mental health. Financial difficulty had a borderline association with poor mental health in this model.

Conclusions

These risk factors might help practitioners identify women at high risk of poor mental health after delivery.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Yamamoto et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Ross-Davie M, Elliott S, Sarkar A, Green L: A public health role in perinatal mental health: are midwives ready? Br J Midwifery 2006, 14:330-334.
• [2]Glavin K, Leahy-Warren P: Postnatal depression is a public health nursing issue: perspectives from Norway and Ireland. Nurs Res Pract 2013, 2013:813409.
• [3]Gavin NI, Gaynes BN, Lohr KN, Meltzer-Brody S, Gartlehner G, Swinson T: Perinatal depression: a systematic review of prevalence and incidence. Obstet Gynecol 2005, 106:1071-1083.
• [4]Buist AE, Barnett BE, Milgrom J, Pope S, Condon JT, Ellwood DA, Boyce PM, Austin M-PV, Hayes BA: To screen or not to screen-that is the question in perinatal depression. Med J Aust 2002, 177:S101.
• [5]Gale S, Harlow B: Postpartum mood disorders: a review of clinical and epidemiological factors. Psychosom Obstet Gynecol 2003, 24:257-266.
• [6]Leahy-Warren P, McCarthy G, Corcoran P: Postnatal depression in first-time mothers: prevalence and relationships between functional and structural social support at 6 and 12 weeks postpartum. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2011, 25:174-184.
• [7]O’hara MW, Swain AM: Rates and risk of postpartum depression-a meta-analysis. Int Rev Psychiatr 1996, 8:37-54.
• [8]Areias ME, Kumar R, Barros H, Figueiredo E: Correlates of postnatal depression in mothers and fathers. Br J Psychiatry 1996, 169:36-41.
• [9]Boath E, Pryce A, Cox J: Postnatal depression: the impact on the family. J Reprod Infant Psychol 1998, 16:199-203.
• [10]Tammentie T, Tarkka MT, Astedt - Kurki P, Paavilainen E: Sociodemographic factors of families related to postnatal depressive symptoms of mothers. Int J Nurs Pract 2002, 8:240-246.
• [11]Des Rivieres-Pigeon C, Saurel-Cubizolles MJ, Romito P: Psychological distress one year after childbirth: a cross-cultural comparison between France, Italy and Quebec. Eur J Public Health 2003, 13:218-225.
• [12]Grussu P, Quatraro RM: Prevalence and risk factors for a high level of postnatal depression symptomatology in Italian women: a sample drawn from ante-natal classes. Eur Psychiatry 2009, 24:327-333.
• [13]Van Bussel JC, Spitz B, Demyttenaere K: Women’s mental health before, during, and after pregnancy: a population - based controlled cohort study. Birth 2006, 33:297-302.
• [14]Da Costa D, Dritsa M, Rippen N, Lowensteyn I, Khalife S: Health-related quality of life in postpartum depressed women. Arch Womens Ment Health 2006, 9:95-102.
• [15]Boyce P, Hickey A: Psychosocial risk factors to major depression after childbirth. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2005, 40:605-612.
• [16]McConachie H, Hammal D, Welsh B, Keane B, Waterston T, Parker L, Cook M: Wellbeing of new mothers. Community Pract 2008, 81:19-22.
• [17]Aguado J, Campbell A, Ascaso C, Navarro P, Garcia-Esteve L, Luciano JV: Examining the factor structure and discriminant validity of the 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) among Spanish postpartum women. Assessment 2012, 19:517-525.
• [18]Romito P, Saurel-Cubizolles MJ, Lelong N: What makes new mothers unhappy: psychological distress one year after birth in Italy and France. Soc Sci Med 1999, 49:1651-1661.
• [19]Saurel-Cubizolles M-J, Romito P, Ancel P-Y, Lelong N: Unemployment and psychological distress one year after childbirth in France. J Epidemiol Community Health 2000, 54:185-191.
• [20]Nakao R, Honda S, Moji K, Abe Y, Aoyagi K: Relationship between lifestyle and mental health: a population-based survey in Nagasaki prefecture, Japan. Acta Med Nagasaki 2011, 55:55-60.
• [21]Augusto A, Kumar R, Calheiros J, Matos E, Figueiredo E: Post-natal depression in an urban area of Portugal: comparison of childbearing women and matched controls. Psychol Med 1996, 26:135-141.
• [22]Eberhard-Gran M, Eskild A, Tambs K, Samuelsen S, Opjordsmoen S: Depression in postpartum and non-postpartum women: prevalence and risk factors. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2002, 106:426-433.
• [23]Regmi S, Sligl W, Carter D, Grut W, Seear M: A controlled study of postpartum depression among Nepalese women: validation of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale in Kathmandu. Trop Med Int Health 2002, 7:378-382.
• [24]Ngoma AM, Goto A, Suzuki Y, Tsutomi H, Yasumura S: Support-seeking behavior among Japanese mothers at high-risk of mental health problems: a community-based study at a city health center. Fukushima J Med Sci 2012, 58:117-126.
• [25]Wolf AW, De Andraca I, Lozoff B: Maternal depression in three Latin American samples. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2002, 37:169-176.
• [26]Bjerke SE, Vangen S, Nordhagen R, Ytterdahl T, Magnus P, Stray-Pedersen B: Postpartum depression among Pakistani women in Norway: prevalence and risk factors. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2008, 21:889-894.
• [27]el Saleh S, El-Bahei W, Del El-Hadidy MA, Zayed A: Predictors of postpartum depression in a sample of Egyptian women. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2013, 9:15-24.
• [28]Coiro MJ: Depressive symptoms among women receiving welfare. Women Health 2001, 32:1-23.
• [29]Starkey AJ, Keane CR, Terry MA, Marx JH, Ricci EM: Financial distress and depressive symptoms among African American Women: identifying financial priorities and needs and why it matters for mental health. J Urban Health 2013, 90:83-100.
• [30]Viinamäki H, Hintikka J, Kontula O, Niskanen L, Koskela K: Mental health at population level during an economic recession in Finland. Nord J Psychiatr 2000, 54:177-182.
• [31]Reading R, Reynolds S: Debt, social disadvantage and maternal depression. Soc Sci Med 2001, 53:441-453.
• [32]Panthangi V, West P, Savoy-Moore RT, Geeta M, Reickert E: Is seasonal variation another risk factor for postpartum depression? J Am Board Fam Med 2009, 22:492-497.
• [33]Young EA, Lopez JF, Murphy-Weinberg V, Watson SJ, Akil H: Hormonal evidence for altered responsiveness to social stress in major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2000, 23:411-418.