Prevalence of influenza Aviruses in livestock and free-living waterfowl in Uganda

BMC Veterinary Research

Fred Wabwire-Mangen²  Denis K Byarugaba^1,10  Kofi Wurapa⁸  Robert G Webster³  Richard J Webby³  Scott Krauss³  Mariette F Ducatez⁷  Achilles Byaruhanga¹  Monica Millard^1,10  Hannah Kibuuka^1,10  Lukwago Luswa⁶  Josephine Bwogi⁴  Edison Mworozi⁹  Derrick Mimbe^1,10  Sophia Mulei^1,10  Titus Tugume^1,10  Jocelyn Kiconco^1,10  Agnes Tumushabe^1,10  Bernard Erima^1,10  Halid Kirunda⁵ 

[1] NatureUganda, The East Africa Natural History Society, P.O. Box 27034, Kampala, Uganda;School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda;Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, USA;Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda;National Livestock Resources Research Institute, P.O. Box 96, Tororo, Uganda;Epidemiology and Surveillance Division, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 7272, Kampala, Uganda;INRA UMR1225 IHAP Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes, ENVT, Toulouse, France;U.S. Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya, U.S. Embassy, P.O. Box 606, Nairobi, Kenya;Mulago National Referral Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health/Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda;Makerere University Walter Reed Project, P.O. Box 16524, Kampala, Uganda

关键词: Waterfowl;    Free-living;    Sera;    RNA;    Pigs;    Poultry;    Influenza A viruses;   

Others  :  1119320
DOI  :  10.1186/1746-6148-10-50

 received in 2013-12-17, accepted in 2014-02-21,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Avian influenza viruses may cause severe disease in a variety of domestic animal species worldwide, with high mortality in chickens and turkeys. To reduce the information gap about prevalence of these viruses in animals in Uganda, this study was undertaken.

Results

Influenza A virus prevalence by RT-PCR was 1.1% (45/4,052) while seroprevalence by ELISA was 0.8% (24/2,970). Virus prevalence was highest in domestic ducks (2.7%, 17/629) and turkeys (2.6%, 2/76), followed by free-living waterfowl (1.3%, 12/929) and swine (1.4%, 7/511). A lower proportion of chicken samples (0.4%, 7/1,865) tested positive. No influenza A virus was isolated. A seasonal prevalence of these viruses in waterfowl was 0.7% (4/561) for the dry and 2.2% (8/368) for the wet season. In poultry, prevalence was 0.2% (2/863) for the dry and 1.4% (24/1,713) for the wet season, while that of swine was 0.0% (0/159) and 2.0% (7/352) in the two seasons, respectively. Of the 45 RT-PCR positive samples, 13 (28.9%) of them were H5 but none was H7. The 19 swine sera positive for influenza antibodies by ELISA were positive for H1 antibodies by HAI assay, but the subtype(s) of ELISA positive poultry sera could not be determined. Antibodies in the poultry sera could have been those against subtypes not included in the HAI test panel.

Conclusions

The study has demonstrated occurrence of influenza A viruses in animals in Uganda. The results suggest that increase in volumes of migratory waterfowl in the country could be associated with increased prevalence of these viruses in free-living waterfowl and poultry.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Kirunda et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

Figure 1.

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