Regulation of fatty acid composition and lipid storage by thyroid hormone in mouse liver

Cell & Bioscience

Hao Ying²  Huiyong Yin²  Jingjing Jiang⁴  Yu-Cheng Wang⁵  Hongfeng Xia³  Duo Zhang³  Sarina Hou¹  Xuan Yao³ 

[1] Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China;Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China;Clinical Research Center of Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China;Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China

关键词: NAFLD;    Glycogen;    Fatty acid;    Liver;    Thyroid hormone;   

Others  :  1149537
DOI  :  10.1186/2045-3701-4-38

 received in 2014-05-12, accepted in 2014-07-15,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Thyroid hormones (THs) are potent hormones modulating liver lipid homeostasis. The perturbation of lipid homeostasis is a hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a very common liver disorder. It was reported that NAFLD patients were associated with higher incidence of hypothyroidism. However, whether abnormal thyroid function contributes to the pathogenesis of NAFLD remains unclear.

Results

We used in vivo models to investigate the influence of hypothyroidism and TH on hepatic lipid homeostasis. We did not observe hepatic triglyceride accumulation in the liver of hypothyroid mice, although the liver was enlarged. We then characterized the hepatic fatty acid composition with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in mice under different thyroid states. We found that hypothyroidism decreased saturated fatty acid (SFA) content while TH treatment restored the level of SFA. In agreement with this finding, we observed that the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 and fatty acid synthase, the rate-limit enzymes for de novo lipogenesis (DNL), decreased in hypothyroid mice while increased after TH treatment. We also found that the ratio of C18:1n-9/C18:0 and C16:1n-7/C16:0 was decreased by TH treatment, suggesting the activity of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 was suppressed. This finding indicated that TH is able to suppress triglyceride accumulation by reducing fatty acid desaturation. Additionally, we found that hepatic glycogen content was substantially influenced by TH status, which was associated with glycogen synthase expression. The increased glycogen storage might explain the enlarged liver we observed in hypothyroid mice.

Conclusions

Taken together, our study here suggested that hypothyroidism in mice might not lead to the development of NAFLD although the liver became enlarged. However, disturbed TH levels led to altered hepatic fatty acid composition and glycogen accumulation.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Yao et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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