A novel polyclonal antibody-based sandwich ELISA for detection of Plasmodium vivax developed from two lactate dehydrogenase protein segments

BMC Infectious Diseases

Paulo Afonso Nogueira⁴  Marcus Vinicius Lacerda¹  Patricia Puccinelli Orlandi⁴  James Lee Crainey⁴  Emerson Lima²  Davi Borges⁴  Yury Oliveira Chaves⁴  Maria Edilene Martins Almeida⁴  João Paulo Pimentel⁴  Rudson Jesus Holanda³  Luis André Morais Mariuba⁴  Luciana Pereira Sousa⁴ 

[1] FMT-HDV, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, 25, Pedro Teixera Avenue, Dom Pedro, Manaus, AM, Brazil;UFAM, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 330, Alexandre Amorim Street, Aparecida, Manaus, AM, Brazil;CEPEM, Centro de Pesquisa Medicina Tropical, 4,5 km 364 Road, 78900-970 Porto Velho, RO, Brazil;ILMD, Instituto Leônidas and Maria Deane, 476, Teresina Street, 69057-070 Manaus, AM, Brazil

关键词: ELISA;    Recombinant protein;    Lactate dehydrogenase;    Malaria diagnosis;   

Others  :  1134818
DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2334-14-49

 received in 2013-08-02, accepted in 2014-01-14,  发布年份 2014

【 摘 要 】

Background

Immunoassays for Plasmodium detection are, presently, most frequently based on monoclonal antibodies (MAbs); Polyclonal antibodies (PAbs), which are cheaper to develop and manufacture, are much less frequently used. In the present study we describe a sandwich ELISA assay which is capable of detecting P. vivax Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) in clinical blood samples, without cross reacting with those infected with P. falciparum.

Methods

Two recombinant proteins were produced from different regions of the P. vivax LDH gene. Two sandwich ELISA assay were then designed: One which uses mouse anti-LDH 1-43aa PAbs as primary antibodies (“Test 1”) and another which uses anti-LDH 35-305aa PAbs (“Test 2”) as the primary antibodies. Rabbit anti-LDH 1-43aa PAbs were used as capture antibodies in both ELISA assays. Blood samples taken from P. vivax and P. falciparum infected patients (confirmed by light microscopy) were analysed using both tests.

Results

“Test 2” performed better at detecting microscopy-positive blood samples when compared to “Test 1”, identifying 131 of 154 positive samples (85%); 85 positives (55%) were identified using “test 1”. “Test 1” produced one false positive sample (from the 20 malaria-free control) blood samples; “test 2” produced none. Kappa coefficient analysis of the results produced a value of 0.267 when microscope-positive blood smears were compared with “test 1”, but 0.734 when microscope-positive blood smears were compared with the results from “test 2”. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were observed to be 98% and 22% respectively, for “Test 1”, and 99% and 45%, for “test 2”. No cross reactivity was detected with P. falciparum positive blood samples (n = 15) with either test assay.

Conclusion

Both tests detected P. vivax infected blood and showed no evidence of cross-reacting with P. falciparum. Further studies will need to be conducted to establish the full potential of this technique for malaria diagnostics. As well as representing a promising new cost-effective novel technique for P. vivax diagnosis and research, the method for developing this assay also highlights the potential for PAb-based strategies for diagnostics in general.

【 授权许可】

   
2014 Sousa et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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