Characterization of ten highly polymorphic microsatellite loci for the intertidal mussel Perna perna, and cross species amplification within the genus

BMC Research Notes

Katy R Nicastro¹  Ester A Serrão¹  Gareth A Pearson¹  Gerardo I Zardi¹  Nelson C Coelho¹ 

[1]CCMAR, CIMAR-Laboratório Associado, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8005-139, Portugal

关键词: Invasive;    Genetic diversity;    Brown mussel;    Perna perna;   

Others  :  1165493
DOI  :  10.1186/1756-0500-5-558

 received in 2012-07-05, accepted in 2012-10-02,  发布年份 2012

【 摘 要 】

Background

The brown mussel Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758) is a dominant constituent of intertidal communities and a strong invader with multiple non-native populations distributed around the world. In a previous study, two polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed and used to determine population-level genetic diversity in invasive and native P. perna populations. However, higher number of microsatellite markers are required for reliable population genetic studies.

In this context, in order to understand P. perna origins and history of invasion and to compare population genetic structure in native versus invaded areas, we developed 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers.

Findings

Described microsatellite markers were developed from an enriched genomic library. Analyses and characterization of loci using 20 individuals from a population in Western Sahara revealed on average 11 alleles per locus (range: 5–27) and mean gene diversity of 0.75 (range: 0.31 - 0.95). One primer pair revealed possible linkage disequilibrium while heterozygote deficiency was significant at four loci. Six of these markers cross-amplified in P. canaliculus (origin: New Zealand).

Conclusions

Developed markers will be useful in addressing a variety of questions concerning P. perna, including dispersal scales, genetic variation and population structure, in both native and invaded areas.

【 授权许可】

   
2012 Coelho et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 参考文献 】

• [1]Gosling EM: Bivalve molluscs: biology, ecology and culture. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science; 2003:443.
• [2]Griffiths CL, Branch GM: The exploitation of coastal invertebrates and seaweeds in South Africa: historical trends, ecological impacts and implications for management. Trans R Soc S Afr 1997, 52:121-148.
• [3]Tomalin BJ, Kyle R: Subsistence and recreational mussel (perna perna) collecting in KwaZulu-Natal, south Africa: fishing mortality and precautionary management. S Afr J Zool 1998, 33:12-22.
• [4]Harley CDG: Climate change, keystone predation, and biodiversity loss. Science 2011, 334(6059):1124-1127.
• [5]Zardi G, McQuaid C, Teske P, Barker N: Unexpected genetic structure of mussel populations in south Africa: indigenous perna perna and invasive mytilus galloprovincialis. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 2007, 337:135-144.
• [6]Zardi G, Nicastro K, McQuaid C, Hancke L, Helmuth B: The combination of selection and dispersal helps explain genetic structure in intertidal mussels. Oecologia 2011, 165:947-958.
• [7]Wood AR, Apte S, MacAvoy ES, Gardner J: A molecular phylogeny of the marine mussel genus perna (bivalvia: mytilidae) based on nuclear (ITS1&2) and mitochondrial (COI) DNA sequences. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2007, 44:685-698.
• [8]Vakily JM: The biology and culture of mussels of the genus perna vol. 17. Manilla, Philippines: International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management; 1989.
• [9]Berry PF: Reproduction, growth and production in the mussel, perna perna (Linnaeus), on the east coast of south Africa. In Investigational report No. 48. Durban: Oceanographic Research Institute; 1978.
• [10]Silva EC, Barros F: Macrofauna bentonica introduzida no brasil: lista de especies marinhas e dulcıcolas e distribuiçao atual. Oecologia Australis 2011, 15:326-344.
• [11]Hayes K, Sliwa S, Migus F, McEnnulty , Dunstan PK: National priority pests. Parkes, Canberra, Australia: Australian Government Department of the Environment and Heritage; 2005.
• [12]Hicks DW, Tunnell JWJ: Invasion of the south Texas coast by the edible brown mussel perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758). Veliger 1993, 36:92-99.
• [13]Lourenço C, Nicastro KR, Serrão EA, Zardi GI: First record of the brown mussel (perna perna) from the European Atlantic coast. Marine Biodiversity Record 2012, 5:e39.
• [14]Holland BS: Invasion without a bottleneck: microsatellite variation in natural and invasive populations of the brown mussel perna perna (L). Marine Biotechnol 2001, 3(5):407-415.
• [15]Nicastro K, Zardi G, McQuaid C, Teske P, Barker N: Coastal topography drives genetic structure in marine mussels. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 2008, 368:189-195.
• [16]Hamilton MB, Pincus EL, Di Fiore A, Fleischer RC: Universal linker and ligation procedures for construction if genomic DNA libraries enriched for microsatellites. Biotechniques 1999, 27:500-507.
• [17]Gautschi B, Tenzer I, Muller JP, Schmid B: Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the bearded vulture (gypaetus barbatus) and cross-amplification in three old world vulture species. Mol Ecol 2000, 9(12):2193-2195.
• [18]Gautschi B, Widmer A, Koella J: Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the dice snake (Natrix tessellata). Mol Ecol 2000, 9(12):2192-2193.
• [19]Alberto F: MsatAllele_1.0: An R package to visualize the binning of microsatellite alleles. J Hered 2009, 100(3):394-397.
• [20]Belkhir K, Borsa P, Chikhi L, Raufaste N, Bonhomme F: GENETIX 4.05, logiciel sous Windows TM pour la génétique des populations. Montpellier, France: Laboratoire Génome, Populations, Interactions, CNRS UMR 5000, Université de Montpellier II; 1996. 1996–2004
• [21]Van Oosterhout C, Hutchinson WF, Wills DPM, Shipley P: Micro-checker: software for identifying and correcting genotyping errors in microsatellite data. Molecular Ecology Notes 2004, 4(3):535-538.
• [22]Black WC, Krafsur ES: A FORTRAN program for the calculation and analysis of two-locus linkage disequilibrium coefficients. TAG Theor Appl Genet 1985, 70(5):491-496.
• [23]MacAvoy ES, Wood AR, Gardner JPA: Development and evaluation of microsatellite markers for identification of individual greenshell™ mussels (perna canaliculus) in a selective breeding programme. Aquaculture 2008, 274:41-48.
• [24]Lin G, Feng F, Yue GH: Isolation and characterization of polymorphic microsatellites from Asian green mussel (perna viridis). Molecular Ecology Notes 2007, 7(6):1036-1038.
• [25]Zouros E, Foltz DW: Possible explanation of heterozygote deficiency in bivalve molluscs. Malacologia 1984, 25:583-591.
• [26]Raymond M, Vaeaentoe RL, Thomas F, Rousset F, de Meeues T, Renaud F: Heterozygote deficiency in the mussel mytilus edulis species complex revisited. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 1997, 156:225-237.
• [27]Borsa P, Zainuri M, Delay B: Heterozygote deficiency and population structure in the bivalve ruditapes decussatus. Heredity 1991, 66:1-8.
• [28]Andrade SCS, Solferini VN: Fine-scale genetic structure overrides macro-scale structure in a marine snail: nonrandom recruitment, demographic events or selection? Biol J Linn Soc 2007, 91:23-26.